Neighborhood Processes, Self-Efficacy, and Adolescent Mental Health
Neighborhood Processes, Self-Efficacy, and Adolescent Mental Health
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DOI：
10.1177/0022146512442676
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发表时间：
2012-06-01
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Vitaro, Frank
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dupere, Veronique;Leventhal, Tama;Vitaro, Frank
自我效能信念是心理健康的核心。由于青少年的社区塑造了控制，可预测性和安全体验的机会，我们认为社区条件与青少年的自我效能感有关，反过来，他们的内化问题（即，抑郁/焦虑症状）。我们使用来自芝加哥社区人类发展项目（N = 2,345）的三波数据来测试这些假设。结果表明，生活在暴力社区的青少年往往报告较低的自我效能信念，部分原因是他们更有可能在他们的邻居经历恐惧。然而，从暴力和低集体效能的芝加哥社区搬到城市以外的社区与青少年自我效能的增加有关（与留在这样的社区相比），青少年的学校相关经历解释了这种关联。最后，通过自我效能感，这些邻里过程与青少年的内化问题有间接的联系。结果部分支持一个模型连接邻里条件，自我认知和情绪。
Self-efficacy beliefs are central to mental health. Because adolescents' neighborhoods shape opportunities for experiences of control, predictability, and safety, we propose that neighborhood conditions are associated with adolescents' self-efficacy and, in turn, their internalizing problems (i.e., depression/anxiety symptoms). We tested these hypotheses using three waves of data from the Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods (N = 2,345). Results indicate that adolescents living in violent neighborhoods tended to report lower self-efficacy beliefs, partly because they were more likely to experience fear in their neighborhood. However, moving out of Chicago neighborhoods marked by violence and low collective efficacy to neighborhoods outside of the city was associated with adolescents' increased self-efficacy (vs. staying in such neighborhoods), an association explained by adolescents' school-related experiences. Finally, through self-efficacy, these neighborhood processes had an indirect association with adolescents' internalizing problems. Results partially support a model linking neighborhood conditions, cognitions about the self, and emotions.