Manipulated Changes in Limb Mass and Rotational Inertia in Trotting Dogs (Canis lupus familiaris) and Their Effect on Limb Kinematics
Manipulated Changes in Limb Mass and Rotational Inertia in Trotting Dogs (Canis lupus familiaris) and Their Effect on Limb Kinematics
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DOI：
10.1002/jez.2059
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发表时间：
2016-12-01
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Carrier, David R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kilbourne, Brandon M.;Carrier, David R.
虽然已知肢体的质量分布会影响运动过程中消耗的代谢能量，但肢体的质量分布如何影响整体肢体运动学以及肢体质量分布对肢体运动学的影响在前肢和后肢之间是否不同仍然是未知的。为了研究肢体质量分布对前肢和后肢运动学的影响，记录了四只狗在跑步机上小跑的时间步幅参数和摆动相关节运动学，每条肢体增加0.5%和1.0%的体重，单独的前肢，单独的后肢，以及没有增加的质量。在所有的负载条件下，跨步期间没有不同的前肢和后肢，但是，前肢表现出更大的占空比和站立时间，而后肢表现出更大的摆动时间，这可能与后肢的更大的质量。犬前肢关节和髋关节活动范围（RoM）、屈曲和伸展的变化具有较高的运动学可塑性。相比之下，对于膝关节和踝关节，远端加载所有四肢或后肢单独大幅增加关节RoM和屈曲。增加膝关节和踝关节的屈曲有可能减少摆动阶段后肢的旋转惯性。关于关节运动学的前肢和后肢的不同反应可能是由于它们的质量和质量分布的差异以及前肢和后肢伸肌和关节屈肌的生理特征的差异。
While the mass distribution of limbs is known to influence the metabolic energy consumed during locomotion, it remains unknown how the mass distribution of limbs may influence overall limb kinematics and whether the influence of limbmass distribution on limb kinematics differs between fore-and hindlimbs. To examine limb mass distribution's influence upon fore- and hindlimb kinematics, temporal stride parameters and swing phase joint kinematics were recorded from four dogs trotting on a treadmill with 0.5% and 1.0% body mass added to each limb, forelimbs alone, and hindlimbs alone, as well as with no added mass. Under all loading conditions, stride period did not differ between fore- and hindlimbs; however, forelimbs exhibited greater duty factors and stance durations, whereas hindlimbs exhibited greater swing durations, which may be related to the hindlimb's greater mass. Changes in forelimb joint and hip range of motion (RoM), flexion, and extension were subject to a high amount of kinematic plasticity among dogs. In contrast, for the knee and ankle, distally loading all four limbs or hindlimbs alone substantially increased joint RoM and flexion. Increased flexion of the knee and ankle has the potential to reduce the hindlimb's rotational inertia during swing phase. The differing response of fore-and hindlimbs with regard to joint kinematics is likely due to differences in their mass and mass distribution and differences in the physiological traits of fore- and hindlimb protractors and joint flexors.