Chromosome painting reveals inter‐chromosomal rearrangements and evolution of subgenome D of wheat
Chromosome painting reveals inter‐chromosomal rearrangements and evolution of subgenome D of wheat
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染色体绘画揭示了小麦染色体间重排和 D 亚基因组的进化
DOI：
10.1111/tpj.15926
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发表时间：
2022
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Wang, Zongkuan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Shi, Peiyao;Sun, Haojie;Liu, Guanqing;Zhang, Xu;Zhou, Jiawen;Song, Rongrong;Xiao, Jin;Yuan, Chunxia;Sun, Li;Wang, Zongkuan
Aegilopsspecies是面包小麦（Triticum aestivum）最重要的基因库。因此，了解小麦的基因组进化，包括染色体结构重排和小麦与小麦之间的合成关系，对基础基因组研究和实际育种应用都具有重要意义。在本研究中，我们试图通过选择中国春天参考基因组的D特异性寡核苷酸来开发亚基因组D特异性荧光原位杂交（FISH）探针。基于寡核苷酸的染色体绘制探针由每条染色体约26000个寡核苷酸组成，其特异性在含有D亚基因组的二倍体和多倍体物种中都得到证实。两个先前报道的涉及两个D染色体的易位已在小麦品种及其衍生系中得到证实。我们证明寡核苷酸绘制探针不仅可以用于识别涉及D亚基因组染色体的易位，而且可以确定染色体断点的精确位置。56个亚种的染色体绘制。来自不同来源的陶氏易位使我们确定了两种新的易位：两个品种中相互的3D‐7D易位和一个品种中复杂的4D‐5D‐7D易位。染色探针也被用于分析更多种类的卵形动物的染色体。这些探针在四个不同的基因组中产生FISH信号。研究结果表明，三种野生植物的染色体重排均有显著性差异，为其在小麦育种中的应用提供了有价值的信息。
Aegilopsspecies represent the most important gene pool for breeding bread wheat (Triticum aestivum). Thus, understanding the genome evolution, including chromosomal structural rearrangements and syntenic relationships amongAegilopsspecies or betweenAegilopsand wheat, is important for both basic genome research and practical breeding applications. In the present study, we attempted to develop subgenome D‐specific fluorescencein situhybridization (FISH) probes by selecting D‐specific oligonucleotides based on the reference genome of Chinese Spring. The oligo‐based chromosome painting probes consisted of approximately 26 000 oligos per chromosome and their specificity was confirmed in both diploid and polyploid species containing the D subgenome. Two previously reported translocations involving two D chromosomes have been confirmed in wheat varieties and their derived lines. We demonstrate that the oligo painting probes can be used not only to identify the translocations involving D subgenome chromosomes, but also to determine the precise positions of chromosomal breakpoints. Chromosome painting of 56 accessions ofAe. tauschiifrom different origins led us to identify two novel translocations: a reciprocal 3D‐7D translocation in two accessions and a complex 4D‐5D‐7D translocation in one accession. Painting probes were also used to analyze chromosomes from more diverseAegilopsspecies. These probes produced FISH signals in four different genomes. Chromosome rearrangements were identified inAegilops umbellulata,Aegilops markgrafii, andAegilops uniaristata, thus providing syntenic information that will be valuable for the application of these wild species in wheat breeding.