Factors influencing the effectiveness of research ethics committees
Factors influencing the effectiveness of research ethics committees
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DOI：
10.1136/jme.2005.015057
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发表时间：
2007-05-01
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Fraser, D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Schuppli, C. A.;Fraser, D.
研究伦理委员会-动物伦理委员会（AEC）为动物为基础的研究和机构研究委员会（IRB）为人类受试者-在研究管理中发挥着关键作用，但很少有影响其有效性的因素的研究。本研究的目的是研究如何影响研究伦理委员会的有效性是由委员会的组成和动态，成员的招聘，工作量，参与水平和成员营业额。作为一个模型，28名成员的AEC在加拿大西部的四所大学进行了采访。选择委员会代表审查的方案数量和类型的变化，选择参与者包括不同类型的委员会成员。我们发现，对机构或科学利益的偏见可能是由于（1）机构和科学家成员的优势，（2）社区成员和其他少数成员的恐吓气氛，（3）与机构有关联的社区成员的招聘和（4）成员加入的原因，而不是履行委员会的任务。方案审查的彻底性可能会受到繁重的工作量、审查流程类型和委员会缺乏充分参与的影响。这些结果，再加上研究伦理委员会的文献结果，提出了潜在的方法来提高研究伦理委员会的有效性。
Research ethics committees - animal ethics committees (AECs) for animal-based research and institutional research boards ( IRBs) for human subjects - have a key role in research governance, but there has been little study of the factors influencing their effectiveness. The objectives of this study were to examine how the effectiveness of a research ethics committee is influenced by committee composition and dynamics, recruitment of members, workload, participation level and member turnover. As a model, 28 members of AECs at four universities in western Canada were interviewed. Committees were selected to represent variation in the number and type of protocols reviewed, and participants were selected to include different types of committee members. We found that a bias towards institutional or scientific interests may result from ( 1) a preponderance of institutional and scientist members, ( 2) an intimidating atmosphere for community members and other minority members, ( 3) recruitment of community members who are affiliated with the institution and ( 4) members joining for reasons other than to fulfil the committee mandate. Thoroughness of protocol review may be influenced by heavy workloads, type of review process and lack of full committee participation. These results, together with results from the literature on research ethics committees, suggested potential ways to improve the effectiveness of research ethics committees.