Effects of the National School Lunch Program on Bone Growth in Japanese Elementary School Children
Effects of the National School Lunch Program on Bone Growth in Japanese Elementary School Children
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DOI：
10.3177/jnsv.62.303
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发表时间：
2016-10-01
影响因子：
1.6
通讯作者：
Sasaki, Satoshi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kohri, Toshiyuki;Kaba, Naoko;Sasaki, Satoshi
日本学校的牛奶午餐计划旨在提供每天33-50%的必需营养素和50%的推荐膳食补钙量，而钙很难从日本膳食中获得。虽然这一计划有助于儿童的身心发育，但这些食物对儿童骨骼生长的影响尚不清楚。因此，我们比较了学校午餐加牛奶对未实施学校午餐加牛奶计划的学校（盒饭组）和实施学校午餐计划的学校（学校午餐组）小学生骨骼生长的影响。研究对象为2009-2013学年的四年级儿童，其中学校午餐组329名儿童，盒饭组484名儿童。定量超声评估右跟骨骨面积比（Benus III）。膳食摄入量通过简短的自我管理饮食史问卷进行评估。受试者被要求记录他们3天的活动，以便估计平均体力活动强度和睡眠时间。学校午餐组的骨面积比（%）显著高于盒饭组（男性31.0 +/- 0.3比30.3 +/- 0.2；女性30.6 +/- 0.2比29.7 +/- 0.2）。即使在调整了与骨骼生长相关的混杂因素后，这种趋势也没有改变。研究结果表明，日本学校午餐计划提供的营养物质有助于促进小学生的骨骼生长。
The Japanese school lunch program with milk was designed to supply 33-50% of the necessary nutrients per day and 50% of the recommended dietary allowance for calcium, which is difficult to obtain from Japanese meals. Although this program contributes to the mental and physical development of children, the effect of these meals on the bone growth in children remains unknown. Therefore, we compared the effect of school lunch with milk on bone growth between elementary school children attending schools that did not enforce the school lunch with milk program (box-lunch group) and those attending schools that did enforce the program (school-lunch group). The study subjects included fourth-grade children during the 2009-2013 school years, of whom 329 children were in the school-lunch group and 484 children in the box-lunch group. The bone area ratio of the right calcaneus was evaluated using quantitative ultrasound (Benus III). Dietary intakes were assessed using brief self-administered diet history questionnaires. The subjects were asked to record their activities for 3 d so that the mean physical activity intensity and the time spent sleeping could be estimated. The bone area ratios (%) were significantly higher in the school-lunch group than in the box-lunch group (males 31.0 +/- 0.3 vs. 30.3 +/- 0.2; females 30.6 +/- 0.2 vs. 29.7 +/- 0.2). This tendency did not change even after adjustment for confounding factors associated with bone growth. The results suggest that nutrients supplied by the Japanese school lunch program contributed to increased bone growth in elementary school children.