Chromosome number and the relationship of species in the genus Viola.
Chromosome number and the relationship of species in the genus Viola.
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DOI：
10.1093/oxfordjournals.aob.a090098
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发表时间：
1927-10-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Clausen, J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Clausen, J
调查了堇菜属（Viola）植物30种，分属于假单孢属（Nominium）、盘孢属（Dischidium）、卷叶堇菜属（Chamaemelidium）和卷叶堇菜属（Melidium）4个组。“单倍体染色体数目是6、7、10、11、12、13、17、18、20、24、26、27、30和36。它们分为6系列，12系列和10系列。在Nominium部分有10-和12-系列;在Melanium部分有10-和6-系列，后者，然而，有相当多的畸变。“研究了一些自发的和人工的物种杂交。在epipsila [image] palustris和lutea[image] tricolor中，单价染色体在异型中期分裂。“栽培的三色堇，由黄堇和三色堇，以及三色堇和cormuta之间的物种杂交产生，通常n=24，”有不规则性。“在不同的部分，染色体数目为物种的分组提供了帮助，并且是确定两种类型是否特别不同的重要因素。“通常，同一系统亚群的物种属于同一系列的染色体数目。在Melanus部分，有2个细分：Calcarus（10系列）和Tricolores（6系列）。
Thirty species of Viola (belonging to the 4 sections, Nominium, Dischidium, Chamaemelanium, and Melanium) were investigated. "The haploid chromosome numbers are 6, 7, 10, 11, 12, 13, 17, 18, 20, 24, 26, 27, 30 and 36. They fall into groups of a 6-series, a 12-series and a 10-series. In the Nominium section there are 10-and a 12-series; in the Melanium section a 10- and a 6-series, the latter, however, with rather numerous aberrations." Some spontaneous and artificial species hybrids were investigated. In epipsila [image] palustris, and lutea[image] tricolor, the univalent chromosomes split in the heterotypic metaphase. "Cultivated pansies, produced by species crossing between Viola lutea and tricolor, and between these and cormuta, have as a rule n=24," with irregularities. "In the different sections, the chromosome numbers afford an aid to the grouping of species, and are an important factor in determining whether 2 types are specifically distinct or not." As a rule species of the same systematic subgroup belong to the same series of chromosome numbers. In the Melanium section, there are 2 subdivisions: the Calcaratae (the 10-series) and the Tricolores (the 6-series).