What Makes Cities Attractive? The Determinants of Urban Labour Migration in Germany
What Makes Cities Attractive? The Determinants of Urban Labour Migration in Germany
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DOI：
10.1177/0042098013499796
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发表时间：
2014-07-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Rossen, Anja
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Buch, Tanja;Hamann, Silke;Rossen, Anja
工业化国家城市人口增长的特点是显著的差异。近年来，一些城市的人口持续下降，而另一些城市的居民数量却在不断增加。劳动力市场条件或便利设施对移民的影响是否主要是城市人口发展差异的原因，这是一个重要问题。本文研究了2000 - 2007年德国城市人口迁移平衡的影响因素。重点是工人的流动，因为劳工移徙特别影响城市的未来前景。研究结果表明，不仅劳动力市场状况，便利设施也会对净移民率产生影响。此外，在其他条件相同的情况下，大城市似乎比小城市更具吸引力。这一发现可能指出了文化基础设施等便利设施的重要性，以及与城市规模相关的城市（劳动力）市场的外部性。因此，旨在提高城市吸引力的城市政策应同时考虑促进当地经济和改善生活质量。
Striking disparities characterise the population growth of cities in industrialised countries. Some cities suffer from ongoing population decline, whereas other cities have experienced increasing numbers of inhabitants in recent years. Whether labour market conditions or amenities via their impact on migration primarily account for differences in cities' demographic development is an important issue. This paper investigates the determinants of the migration balance of German cities between 2000 and 2007. The focus is on the mobility of workers because labour migration in particular affects the future prospects of cities. The findings suggest that not only labour market conditions but also amenities have an impact on the net migration rate. Moreover, large cities seem to be, ceteris paribus, more attractive than small cities. This finding possibly points to the importance of amenities such as cultural infrastructure and matching externalities in urban (labour) markets that are linked to city size. Urban policy aimed at enhancing the attractiveness of cities should thus consider both boosting the local economy and improving the quality of life.