OCCUPATIONAL STRESS AND VARIATION IN CIGARETTE, COFFEE, AND ALCOHOL-CONSUMPTION
OCCUPATIONAL STRESS AND VARIATION IN CIGARETTE, COFFEE, AND ALCOHOL-CONSUMPTION
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DOI：
10.2307/2136291
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发表时间：
1981-01-01
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
RAHE, RH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
CONWAY, TL;WARD, HW;RAHE, RH
职业压力对自我报告的香烟，咖啡和酒精消费的影响进行了纵向实地研究。物质消耗和主观压力指标进行了测量，反复为34名男子执行工作与已知的系统性变化的压力。习惯性吸烟和喝咖啡与长期感知高压力的倾向呈正相关;慢性饮酒和压力感知之间没有发现相关性。所有3种物质的消耗量在感知压力水平不同的日子里变化很大。平均而言，在高压力下，吸烟和喝咖啡的人更多，但饮酒量较少。这些压力的一般影响似乎在很大程度上取决于只有少数参与者的行为，因为主观压力指标与个人物质消费之间的关联并不一致。显然，在应对不同程度的压力时，增加或减少习惯性物质消耗的倾向可能存在重要的个体差异。在构建包括对压力的行为反应的模型时，应该考虑这种可能性。
The impact of occupational stress on self-reported cigarette, coffee and alcohol consumption was investigated in a longitudinal field study. Substance consumption and subjective stress indicators were measured repeatedly for 34 men performing a job with known systematic variation in stress. Habitual cigarette smoking and coffee drinking were positively associated with chronic tendencies to perceive high stress; no associations were found between chronic alcohol consumption and stress perceptions. Consumption of all 3 substances varied significantly across days that differed in perceived stress level. On the average, there was more cigarette smoking and more coffee drinking but less alcohol consumption under high stress. These general effects of stress appeared to depend largely on the behavior of only a few of the participants, as the association between subjective stress indicators and substance consumption within individuals was not consistent across all of them. Apparently, there can be important individual differences in the tendency to increase or decrease habitual substance consumption in response to varying levels of stress. This possibility should be considered when constructing models that include behavioral responses to stress.