Iodine source apportionment in the Malawian diet.
Iodine source apportionment in the Malawian diet.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1038/srep15251
复制
发表时间：
2015-10-27
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Ander EL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Watts MJ;Joy EJ;Young SD;Broadley MR;Chilimba AD;Gibson RS;Siyame EW;Kalimbira AA;Chilima B;Ander EL
本研究的目的是描述马拉维的营养状况。使用作物、鱼类、盐和水I浓度的新数据集评估膳食I摄入量，同时评估60名生活在由尿碘浓度（UIC）定义的钙质和非钙质土壤上的妇女的I状况。主食中的碘浓度较低，玉米籽粒中的碘浓度中值为0.01 mg kg - 1，块根和块茎中的碘浓度中值为0.008 mg kg - 1，叶菜中的碘浓度中值为0.155 mg kg - 1。淡水鱼是膳食- 1的良好来源，中位浓度为0.51 mg kg - 1。马拉维人的平均膳食碘摄入量（不包括盐）仅为7.8 μg d - 1，而成年人的需取量为150 μg d - 1。尽管从食物中摄取的I含量较低，但uic的中位数为203 μg L−1，其中只有12%被定义为I缺乏，而21%被定义为I摄入过量。在马拉维，碘盐很可能是膳食摄入的主要来源；因此，碘营养主要取决于碘在加碘盐中的使用和浓度。在某些地区，饮用水可能是碘的重要来源，按每天2升的消耗量计算，饮用水可提供高达108 μg d - 1。
The aim of this study was to characterise nutritional-I status in Malawi. Dietary-I intakes were assessed using new datasets of crop, fish, salt and water-I concentrations, while I status was assessed for 60 women living on each of calcareous and non-calcareous soils as defined by urinary iodine concentration (UIC). Iodine concentration in staple foods was low, with median concentrations of 0.01 mg kg−1 in maize grain, 0.008 mg kg−1 in roots and tubers, but 0.155 mg kg−1 in leafy vegetables. Freshwater fish is a good source of dietary-I with a median concentration of 0.51 mg kg−1. Mean Malawian dietary-Iodine intake from food, excluding salt, was just 7.8 μg d−1 compared to an adult requirement of 150 μg d−1. Despite low dietary-I intake from food, median UICs were 203 μg L−1 with only 12% defined as I deficient whilst 21% exhibited excessive I intake. Iodised salt is likely to be the main source of dietary I intake in Malawi; thus, I nutrition mainly depends on the usage and concentration of I in iodised salt. Drinking water could be a significant source of I in some areas, providing up to 108 μg d−1 based on consumption of 2 L d−1.