Emerging palaeoecological frameworks for elucidating plant dynamics in response to fire and other disturbance
Emerging palaeoecological frameworks for elucidating plant dynamics in response to fire and other disturbance
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DOI：
10.1111/geb.13416
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发表时间：
2021-10
影响因子：
6.4
通讯作者：
Joseph D. Napier;M. Chipman;J. Gill
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Joseph D. Napier;M. Chipman;J. Gill
快速的气候变化正在从根本上改变地球仪的植物群落。尽管在了解植物如何应对这些气候变化方面取得了进展，但越来越多的证据表明，干扰不仅可以改变预期的植物反应，而且在某些情况下，对成分变化的影响比气候变化更大。气候驱动的干扰在许多生物群落中变得越来越普遍，并且是物种和群落水平上植被动态的关键驱动因素。古生态记录为阐明这些干扰对植物动态的长期影响提供了有价值的观测窗口;然而，稀疏分辨率和难以解开变化驱动因素限制了我们理解干扰对植物群落影响的能力。在这个有针对性的审查，我们强调新出现的机会，在古生态学，以提高我们的理解如何干扰，特别是火，影响陆生植物群落的生态和进化动力学。LocationGlobal examples，许多来自北美。ConclusionsWe提出了一套古生态和综合方法，可以大大提高我们的理解如何干扰制度影响全球植物动态。具体而言，我们确定了四个未来的研究领域：（1）关注火以外的古生态干扰代理，并利用多代理研究来研究相互作用的干扰对植物群落动态的影响;（2）利用干扰和植被重建方面的进展，包括古代沉积DNA，提供空间，时间和分类分辨率需要解决不断变化的干扰制度和植物群落组成的相应变化之间的关系;（3）整合古生态学、考古学和土著知识，以解开气候、人类土地利用、火灾和植被结构之间复杂的相互作用;以及（4）应用"功能古生态学"以及古生态学与遗传学之间的协同作用来理解火干扰如何作为植物的长期选择剂。这些框架可以提高扰动驱动的工厂动态的分辨率，可能为未来的管理提供有价值的信息。
MotivationRapid climate change is altering plant communities around the globe fundamentally. Despite progress in understanding how plants respond to these climate shifts, accumulating evidence suggests that disturbance could not only modify expected plant responses but, in some cases, have larger impacts on compositional shifts than climate change. Climate‐driven disturbances are becoming increasingly common in many biomes and are key drivers of vegetation dynamics at both species and community levels. Palaeoecological records provide valuable observational windows for elucidating the long‐term impacts of these disturbances on plant dynamics; however, sparse resolution and difficulty in disentangling drivers of change limit our ability to understand the impact of disturbance on plant communities. In this targeted review, we highlight emerging opportunities in palaeoecology to advance our understanding about how disturbance, especially fire, impacts the ecological and evolutionary dynamics of terrestrial plant communities.LocationGlobal examples, with many from North America.ConclusionsWe propose a set of palaeoecological and integrative approaches that could greatly enhance our understanding of how disturbance regimes influence global plant dynamics. Specifically, we identify four future study areas: (1) focus on palaeoecological disturbance proxies beyond fire and leverage multi proxy research to examine the influence of interacting disturbances on plant community dynamics; (2) use advances in disturbance and vegetation reconstructions, including ancient sedimentary DNA, to provide the spatial, temporal and taxonomic resolution needed to resolve the relationship between changing disturbance regimes and corresponding shifts in plant community composition; (3) integrate palaeoecological, archaeological and Indigenous knowledge to disentangle the complex interplay between climate, human land use, fire and vegetation structure; and (4) apply “functional palaeoecology” and the synergy between palaeoecology and genetics to understand how fire disturbance has served as a long‐standing selective agent on plants. These frameworks could increase the resolution of disturbance‐driven plant dynamics, potentially providing valuable information for future management.