THE INVOLVEMENT OF THE CHROMOSOME 11Q13 REGION IN HUMAN MALIGNANCIES - CYCLIN D1 AND EMS1 ARE 2 NEW CANDIDATE ONCOGENES - A REVIEW
THE INVOLVEMENT OF THE CHROMOSOME 11Q13 REGION IN HUMAN MALIGNANCIES - CYCLIN D1 AND EMS1 ARE 2 NEW CANDIDATE ONCOGENES - A REVIEW
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DOI：
10.1016/0378-1119(94)00562-7
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发表时间：
1995-06-14
期刊：
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
SCHUURING, E
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
SCHUURING, E
在各种人类恶性肿瘤中经常观察到癌基因的扩增，并可能具有临床相关性。近十年来，癌症研究中对DNA扩增引起癌基因活化的探索主要集中在三个方面：(i)评估癌基因扩增作为癌症患者生存的预后标志物，（ii）开发可靠的方法来检测含有癌基因DNA扩增的肿瘤，（iii）通过DNA扩增确定肿瘤中负责生物学（预后）意义的基因，并对这些候选原癌基因进行表征，这可能有助于阐明其正常功能和在肿瘤发展中的作用。在这篇综述中，关于染色体11q13区域的DNA扩增，将重点介绍这三个方面。染色体11q13扩增在某些人类恶性肿瘤中经常被发现；在乳腺癌和头颈部肿瘤中，分别有13%和29%的肿瘤中观察到该区域的扩增。据报道，11q13扩增在这些癌症中具有临床相关性，因为具有这种扩增的患者表现出较差的临床病程。扩增的11q13区域估计有3-5 Mb大小，并且包含许多（假定的）基因。最近，两个候选基因CCND1和EMS1被鉴定出来，它们在所有癌症中都有11q13扩增过表达。因此，这些基因的激活可能赋予这些肿瘤选择性优势。此外，这两个新基因的特性支持了它们在11q13扩增的癌症中的潜在作用。
Amplification of oncogenes has been observed frequently in various human malignancies and might be of clinical relevance. In the last decade, the exploration of oncogene activation due to DNA amplification in cancer research has mainly focussed on three aspects: (i) the assessment of oncogene amplification as a prognostic marker for survival of cancer patients, (ii) the development of reliable methods for detection of tumors which harbor DNA amplification of oncogenes and (iii) the identification of the gene or genes responsible for the biological (prognostic) significance in tumors with DNA amplification and the characterization of these candidate proto-oncogenes that might help to elucidate their normal function and the role in tumor development. In this review, these three aspects will be highlighted with regard to DNA amplification of the chromosome 11q13 region. Chromosome 11q13 amplification has been found frequently in certain human malignancies; in cancer of the breast and of the head and neck region, amplification of this region is observed in 13 and 29% of tumors, respectively. The 11q13 amplification has been reported to be of clinical relevance in these cancers, since patients with this amplification show a poor clinical course of disease. The amplified 11q13 region is estimated to be 3-5 Mb in size and to harbor many (putative) genes. Recently, two candidate genes, CCND1 and EMS1, were identified which were both over-expressed in all carcinomas with an 11q13 amplification. Therefore, the activation of these genes might confer the selective advantage to these tumors. In addition, the characterization of these two novel genes sustained their potential role in carcinomas with 11q13 amplification.