The Semantic Data Dictionary - An Approach for Describing and Annotating Data.

The Semantic Data Dictionary - An Approach for Describing and Annotating Data.
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DOI:
10.1162/dint_a_00058
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发表时间:
2020
期刊:
影响因子:
3.9
通讯作者:
McGuinness DL
McGuinness DL
中科院分区:
计算机科学4区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Rashid SM;McCusker JP;Pinheiro P;Bax MP;Santos H;Stingone JA;Das AK;McGuinness DL

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数据提供者以数据字典的形式发布数据集时,通常的做法是为每列添加文本描述。虽然这些文档有助于帮助最终用户正确解释数据集中列的含义,但现有的数据字典通常不是机器可读的,并且不遵循通用规范标准。我们引入了语义数据字典,该规范将数据语义表示的分配形式化,从而实现不同数据集的标准化和协调。在本文中,我们在生物医学数据工作的背景下介绍了我们的语义数据字典工作;然而,该方法可以并且已经在广泛的领域中使用。以这种形式呈现数据有助于促进改进的发现、互操作性、重用、可追溯性和可重复性。我们介绍了相关研究,并描述了语义数据字典如何帮助解决相关文献中现有的局限性。我们讨论了我们的方法,通过注释公开的国家健康和营养检查调查数据集的部分内容来展示一个示例,提出建模挑战,并描述该方法在赞助研究中的使用,包括我们在 NIH 资助的大型暴露和健康数据门户以及 RPI-IBM 合作的分析、学习和语义健康赋权项目中的工作。我们将这项工作与传统的数据字典、映射语言和数据集成工具进行比较来评估。
It is common practice for data providers to include text descriptions for each column when publishing datasets in the form of data dictionaries. While these documents are useful in helping an end-user properly interpret the meaning of a column in a dataset, existing data dictionaries typically are not machine-readable and do not follow a common specification standard. We introduce the Semantic Data Dictionary, a specification that formalizes the assignment of a semantic representation of data, enabling standardization and harmonization across diverse datasets. In this paper, we present our Semantic Data Dictionary work in the context of our work with biomedical data; however, the approach can and has been used in a wide range of domains. The rendition of data in this form helps promote improved discovery, interoperability, reuse, traceability, and reproducibility. We present the associated research and describe how the Semantic Data Dictionary can help address existing limitations in the related literature. We discuss our approach, present an example by annotating portions of the publicly available National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey dataset, present modeling challenges, and describe the use of this approach in sponsored research, including our work on a large NIH-funded exposure and health data portal and in the RPI-IBM collaborative Health Empowerment by Analytics, Learning, and Semantics project. We evaluate this work in comparison with traditional data dictionaries, mapping languages, and data integration tools.
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