The ethics of placebo-controlled trials: methodological justifications.

The ethics of placebo-controlled trials: methodological justifications.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.cct.2013.09.003
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发表时间:
2013-11
影响因子:
2.2
通讯作者:
Grady C
Grady C
中科院分区:
医学4区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Millum J;Grady C

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在临床试验中使用安慰剂对照仍然存在争议。伦理分析和国际伦理指导允许在以下四种情况下在随机试验中使用安慰剂对照:(1)在以下情况下没有被证实的有效治疗;(2)当停止治疗对参与者造成的风险可以忽略不计;(3)当有令人信服的方法学理由使用安慰剂,并且停止治疗不会对参与者构成严重伤害的风险;更具争议的是,(4)当有令人信服的方法学理由使用安慰剂时,研究旨在开发可在试验参与者的人群中实施的干预措施,并且试验不要求参与者放弃他们本来会接受的治疗。方法学原因的概念对于在这两个有争议的最后两个病例中评估安慰剂对照的伦理至关重要。本文阐述了与考虑安慰剂对照的方法学理由是否令人信服有关的关键考虑因素。
The use of placebo controls in clinical trials remains controversial. Ethical analysis and international ethical guidance permit the use of placebo controls in randomized trials when scientifically indicated in four cases: (1) when there is no proven effective treatment for the condition under study; (2) when withholding treatment poses negligible risks to participants; (3) when there are compelling methodological reasons for using placebo, and withholding treatment does not pose a risk of serious harm to participants; and, more controversially, (4) when there are compelling methodological reasons for using placebo, and the research is intended to develop interventions that can be implemented in the population from which trial participants are drawn, and the trial does not require participants to forgo treatment they would otherwise receive. The concept of methodological reasons is essential to assessing the ethics of placebo controls in these controversial last two cases. This article sets out key considerations relevant to considering whether methodological reasons for a placebo control are compelling.
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