Visual habituation in deaf and hearing infants
Visual habituation in deaf and hearing infants
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0209265
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发表时间：
2019-02-06
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Houston, Derek
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Monroy, Claire;Shafto, Carissa;Houston, Derek
早期的认知发展依赖于婴儿在探索环境时获得的感官体验。从出生起，一种感觉形态的非典型经验可能导致一般认知能力的根本差异。本研究的主要目的是比较深度听力损失婴儿在接受人工耳蜗植入（CIs）之前的视觉习惯，以及与年龄匹配的正常听力的同龄人。评估了认知功能和注意力维持的两项补充措施：适应视觉刺激的时间长度和适应过程中的视线转移率。研究结果显示，失聪婴儿对视觉刺激的适应速度较慢，并且比正常婴儿的视线转移率更低。对于耳聋婴儿，耳蜗植入前标准化评估的习惯测量与语言结果相关。这些发现与先前的证据一致，这些证据表明，习惯化和转移视线的速度反映了信息处理的效率，并且可能表明，聋儿处理视觉刺激所需的时间比听力正常的婴儿要长。综上所述，这些发现与婴儿早期听力损失影响一般认知功能的假设是一致的。
Early cognitive development relies on the sensory experiences that infants acquire as they explore their environment. Atypical experience in one sensory modality from birth may result in fundamental differences in general cognitive abilities. The primary aim of the current study was to compare visual habituation in infants with profound hearing loss, prior to receiving cochlear implants (CIs), and age-matched peers with typical hearing. Two complementary measures of cognitive function and attention maintenance were assessed: the length of time to habituate to a visual stimulus, and look-away rate during habituation. Findings revealed that deaf infants were slower to habituate to a visual stimulus and demonstrated a lower look-away rate than hearing infants. For deaf infants, habituation measures correlated with language outcomes on standardized assessments before cochlear implantation. These findings are consistent with prior evidence suggesting that habituation and look-away rates reflect efficiency of information processing and may suggest that deaf infants take longer to process visual stimuli relative to the hearing infants. Taken together, these findings are consistent with the hypothesis that hearing loss early in infancy influences aspects of general cognitive functioning.