Rapid modulation of GABA concentration in human sensorimotor cortex during motor learning
Rapid modulation of GABA concentration in human sensorimotor cortex during motor learning
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DOI：
10.1152/jn.00346.2005
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发表时间：
2006-03-01
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Matthews, PM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Floyer-Lea, A;Wylezinska, M;Matthews, PM
人类初级运动和躯体感觉皮层内的运动表征可以通过运动学习来改变。局部GABA浓度的降低及其释放可能促进这种可塑性。在这里，我们使用在体内磁共振波谱（MRS），以非侵入性测量GABA浓度在人类的大脑区域，包括初级感觉运动皮层对侧的手用于等距运动序列学习任务的系列变化。30分钟的运动序列学习使2 x 2 x 2 cm（3）体素内的平均GABA浓度降低了近20%。这种减少是特定的运动学习：30分钟的类似，运动与不可学习的，非重复序列与GABA浓度的变化无关。GABA浓度无显着变化，发现在初级感觉运动皮层同侧的手用于学习。这些变化表明，GABA能输入的快速、区域特异性的短期突触前调制有助于运动学习。虽然明显局限于对侧半球，在一个大的光谱体素内看到的变化幅度表明，这些变化发生在一个广泛的本地新皮质领域。
Movement representations within the human primary motor and somatosensory cortices can be altered by motor learning. Decreases in local GABA concentration and its release may facilitate this plasticity. Here we use in vivo magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) to noninvasively measure serial changes in GABA concentration in humans in a brain region including the primary sensorimotor cortex contralateral to the hand used for an isometric motor sequence learning task. Thirty minutes of motor sequence learning reduced the mean GABA concentration within a 2 x 2 x 2-cm(3) voxel by almost 20%. This reduction was specific to motor learning: 30 min of similar, movements with an unlearnable, nonrepetitive sequence were not associated with changes in GABA concentration. No significant changes in GABA concentration were found in the primary sensorimotor cortex ipsilateral to the hand used for learning. These changes suggest remarkably rapid, regionally specific short-term presynaptic modulation of GABAergic input that should facilitate motor learning. Although apparently confined to the contralateral hemisphere, the magnitude of changes seen within a large spectroscopic voxel suggests that these changes occur over a wide local neocortical field.