Early-life establishment of the swine gut microbiome and impact on host phenotypes
Early-life establishment of the swine gut microbiome and impact on host phenotypes
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DOI：
10.1111/1758-2229.12285
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发表时间：
2015-06-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Lepage, Patricia
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Mach, Nuria;Berri, Mustapha;Lepage, Patricia
胃肠道内的早期细菌定殖和演替已被认为在特定微生物群组成的建立和宿主表型的形成中至关重要。在这里，研究了五个年龄层（出生后第14、36、48、60和70天）的31头健康仔猪及其母亲的粪便微生物组的组成和动态。通过16 S rRNA基因454-焦磷酸测序评估粪便微生物组组成。拟杆菌门和厚壁菌门是各年龄段的主要门。对于所有仔猪，在第70天测量管腔分泌伊加浓度，并记录体重直至第70天。哺乳仔猪肠道菌群以拟杆菌属、颤杆菌属、埃希菌/志贺氏菌属、乳杆菌属和未分类的瘤胃球菌科菌属为主。而醋弧菌属、小类杆菌属、奥杆菌属、琥珀弧菌属和普雷沃菌属的细菌数量在断奶后有所增加。发酵乳杆菌可能通过母乳或粪便垂直转移。断奶后，微生物群组成与其宿主共同进化为两个不同的簇，主要由未分类的瘤胃球菌科和普雷沃氏菌属丰度区分。普雷沃菌与管腔分泌伊加浓度和体重呈正相关。我们的研究为通过农业领域的遗传选择和营养来控制健康和饲料效率开辟了新的可能性。
Early bacterial colonization and succession within the gastrointestinal tract has been suggested to be crucial in the establishment of specific microbiota composition and the shaping of host phenotype. Here, the composition and dynamics of faecal microbiomes were studied for 31 healthy piglets across five age strata (days 14, 36, 48, 60 and 70 after birth) together with their mothers. Faecal microbiome composition was assessed by 16S rRNA gene 454-pyrosequencing. Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes were the predominant phyla present at each age. For all piglets, luminal secretory IgA concentration was measured at day 70, and body weight was recorded until day 70. The microbiota of suckling piglets was mainly represented by Bacteroides, Oscillibacter,Escherichia/Shigella,Lactobacillus and unclassified Ruminococcaceae genera. This pattern contrasted with that of Acetivibrio,Dialister,Oribacterium,Succinivibrio and Prevotella genera, which appeared increased after weaning. Lactobacillus fermentum might be vertically transferred via breast milk or faeces. The microbiota composition coevolved with their hosts towards two different clusters after weaning, primarily distinguished by unclassified Ruminococcaceae and Prevotella abundances. Prevotella was positively correlated with luminal secretory IgA concentrations, and body weight. Our study opens up new possibilities for health and feed efficiency manipulation via genetic selection and nutrition in the agricultural domain.