Molecular phylogenetics and evolution of maternal care in Membracine treehoppers
Molecular phylogenetics and evolution of maternal care in Membracine treehoppers
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DOI：
10.1080/10635150490445869
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发表时间：
2004-06-01
影响因子：
6.5
通讯作者：
Wood, TK
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lin, CP;Danforth, BN;Wood, TK
跳小蜂亚科（昆虫纲：半翅目：跳小蜂科）是新大陆热带地区的主要属和物种多样性。这些树跳表现出广泛的社会行为，使它们成为研究昆虫社会进化模式的绝佳群体。然而，迄今为止，部落和属的关系仍然不清楚。我们重建了的的线粒体（COI，COII，tRNA-Leu，和12 S）和核（Wg）基因数据集组合的膜翅目。共获得2608对齐核苷酸位点的112种，代表25个目前公认的38个属和所有四个部落。五棵同样吝啬的树的严格共识恢复了亚科和四个部落中的三个。基于GTR+I+G和混合模型的贝叶斯分析得到的多数规则共识树恢复了与简约树共享的许多分支，并且除了一个节点的重排之外，与从最大似然分析推断的单个最佳树相同。线粒体和核基因的比较表明，Wg提供了更高的一致性指数（CI），数据决定性（DD），分区Bremer支持（PBS）比任何线粒体基因分析。线粒体和核DNA的结合为该亚科及其四个族中的三个族（族、Hoplophorionini族和Hypsophorini族）的单系性提供了强有力的支持。Membracini与Hoplophorionini并系，包含两个谱系，严格意义上的Membracini和新复活的Bolbonotini。我们的分析表明，有一个强大的系统发育的组成部分，孕产妇保健的演变。考虑到母系照顾在亚科中的广泛发生，估计这一性状有少于或等于3个起源，两个逆转和一个丧失。我们的研究结果表明，在昆虫母性护理的进化可能不像以前认为的那样进化不稳定。
The treehopper subfamily Membracinae (Insecta: Hemiptera: Membracidae) comprises the majority of genera and species diversity in the New World tropics. These treehoppers exhibit a wide range of social behaviors, making them an excellent group for studying patterns of social evolution in insects. However, to date the tribal and generic relationships have remained unclear. We reconstructed the phylogeny of the Membracinae using a combined mitochondrial (COI, COII, tRNA-Leu, and 12S) and nuclear (Wg) gene data set. A total of 2608 aligned nucleotide sites were obtained for 112 species, representing 25 of 38 currently recognized genera and all four tribes. A strict consensus of five equally parsimonious trees recovered the subfamily and three of its four tribes. The majority rule consensus tree derived from the Bayesian analyses based on the GTR+I+G and mixed-models recovered many clades shared with the parsimony trees and is identical to the single best tree inferred from maximum likelihood analysis, aside from the rearrangement of one node. A comparison of mitochondrial and nuclear genes indicated that Wg provided higher consistency index (CI), data decisiveness (DD), partitioned Bremer support (PBS) than any of the mitochondrial genes analyzed. The combined mitochondrial and nuclear DNA provide strong support for the monophyly of the subfamily and three of its four tribes (Aconophorini, Hoplophorionini, and Hypsoprorini). Membracini is paraphyletic with respect to Hoplophorionini and contains two lineages, the Membracini sensu strictu and the newly resurrected tribe Bolbonotini. Our analyses show that there is a strong phylogenetic component to the evolution of maternal care. Given the widespread occurrence of maternal care within the subfamily, this trait is estimated to have less than or equal to3 origins, two reversals, and one loss. Our results suggest that the evolution of maternal care in insects may not be as evolutionarily labile as previously thought.