The Excluded ‘Indigenous’? The Implications of Multi-Ethnic Policies for Water Reform in Bolivia
The Excluded ‘Indigenous’? The Implications of Multi-Ethnic Policies for Water Reform in Bolivia
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被排除在外的“土著”？多民族政策对玻利维亚水改革的影响
DOI：
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发表时间：
2002
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
S. Radcliffe
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
N. Laurie;R. Andolina;S. Radcliffe
最近整个拉丁美洲的立法改革产生了一系列包括多文化议程的新法律（Stavenlove 1996）。这些法律涉及一系列领域，包括善政、宪法改革、权力下放和资源管理。多族裔政策的主要目标通常是实现社会包容性。然而，正如洛佩斯（1993年）对1990年和1992年土著人起义期间厄瓜多尔“多元文化”、“多民族”和“多民族”等术语演变的研究所表明的那样，特定术语的出现是不同群体对特定事件和辩论进行战略陈述的结果。本章审查了这种代表性进程如何在具体发展项目中变得重要，并指出人民作为“土著”或非土著的代表性-无论这些标签是否有效-如何影响新法律的适用结果。
Recent legislative changes throughout Latin America have produced a swathe of new laws that include multicultural agendas (Stavenhagen 1996). These laws cover a range of areas, including good governance, constitutional reform, decentralisation and resource management. The main objective of multi-ethnic policies is usually to achieve social inclusivity. However, as Lopez’s (1993) study of the evolution of the terms ‘pluri-cultural’, ‘multi-ethnic’ and ‘pluri-national’ in Ecuador during the indigenous uprisings of 1990 and 1992 illustrates, specific terminology emerges as the result of strategic representations made by different groups about particular events and debates. This chapter examines how such processes of representation are becoming important in the context of specific development projects and indicates how the representation of people as ‘indigenous’ or not indigenous — regardless of the validity of these labels — shapes the outcome of the application of new laws.