Opioid modulation of taste hedonics within the ventral striatum
Opioid modulation of taste hedonics within the ventral striatum
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DOI：
10.1016/s0031-9384(02)00751-5
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发表时间：
2002-07-01
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Zhang, M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kelley, AE;Bakshi, VP;Zhang, M
长期以来，人们对内源性阿片肽在摄食行为中的作用，特别是在调节食物奖励和适口性方面的作用感兴趣。由于海洛因、吗啡、酒精和大麻素等药物与该系统相互作用，因此食物和药物奖励之间可能存在重要的共同神经基质。在本文中，我们回顾了阿片类神经传递和μ阿片受体内的丘脑腹侧纹状体和周围的建议的功能作用。阿片类化合物，特别是对μ受体具有选择性的阿片类化合物，诱导食物摄入、蔗糖、盐、糖精和乙醇摄入的有效增加。我们已经探讨了这种现象方面的大量营养素的选择，区域特异性，输出结构的作用，Fos映射，分析的动机状态，脑啡肽基因表达。我们假设，阿片类药物介导的机制腹侧纹状体中等多刺神经元介导的情感或享乐反应的食物（“喜欢”或食物的“快乐”）。这一假设的进一步完善是腹侧纹状体阿片样物质的激活特异性编码由美味和/或热量密集的食物（如糖和脂肪）诱导的积极影响，并促进与这种增强的适口性相关的行为。有人提出，这种大脑机制有利于进化发展，以确保消耗相对稀缺的高能量食物来源。然而，在现代，随着高热量食物的无限供应，它导致了目前肥胖的流行。(C)2002年爱思唯尔科技有限公司All rights reserved.
There is a long-standing interest in the role of endogenous opioid peptides in feeding behavior and, in particular, in the modulation of food reward and palatability. Since drugs such as heroin, morphine, alcohol, and cannabinoids, interact with this system, there may be important common neural substrates between food and drug reward with regard to the brain's opioid systems. In this paper, we review the proposed functional role of opioid neurotransmission and mu opiate receptors within the nucleus accumbens and surrounding ventral striatum. Opioid compounds, particularly those selective for the mu receptor, induce a potent increase in food intake, sucrose, salt, saccharin, and ethanol intake. We have explored this phenomenon with regard to macronutrient selection, regional specificity, role of output structures, Fos mapping, analysis of motivational state, and enkephalin gene expression. We hypothesize that opioid-mediated mechanisms within ventral striatal medium spiny neurons mediate the affective or hedonic response to food ('liking' or food 'pleasure'). A further refinement of this hypothesis is that activation of ventral striatal opioids specifically encodes positive affect induced by tasty and/or calorically dense foods (such as sugar and fat), and promotes behaviors associated with this enhanced palatability. It is proposed that this brain mechanism was beneficial in evolutionary development for ensuring the consumption of relatively scarce, high-energy food sources. However, in modem times, with unlimited supplies of high-calorie food, it has contributed to the present epidemic of obesity. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved.