Abnormal asymmetry in language association cortex in autism
Abnormal asymmetry in language association cortex in autism
复制标题
DOI：
10.1002/ana.10349
复制
发表时间：
2002-11-01
影响因子：
11.2
通讯作者：
Caviness, VS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Herbert, MR;Harris, GJ;Caviness, VS
自闭症是一种影响认知、语言和社会功能的神经发育障碍。尽管语言和社会沟通异常是特征性的，但先前的结构成像研究尚未检查自闭症和对照受试者的语言相关皮层。受试者包括 16 名非语言智商高于 80 的自闭症男孩（7-11 岁），以及 15 名年龄和惯用手习惯相匹配的对照组。磁共振脑图像被分为灰质和白质；大脑皮层每个半球分为 48 个基于脑回的部分。对语言相关的额下外侧和颞上后区域的不对称性进行先验评估，并对所有区域进行事后评估，以确定不对称异常的特异性。患有自闭症的男孩在额叶语言相关皮层中存在显着的不对称逆转：自闭症男孩的右侧大脑皮层增大了 27%，对照组的左侧大脑皮层增大了 17%。在事后分析中，只有一个附加区域具有显着的不对称性差异：颞后梭状回（自闭症患者更偏向左侧），而邻近的梭状回和颞枕颞下回均接近显着性（自闭症患者更偏右侧）。这些下颞区参与视觉面部处理。在患有自闭症的男孩中，语言和社交/面部处理相关区域表现出异常的不对称性。这些结构异常可能与自闭症患者观察到的语言和社交障碍有关。
Autism is a neurodevelopmental disorder affecting cognitive, language, and social functioning. Although language and social communication abnormalities are characteristic, prior structural imaging studies have not examined language-related cortex in autistic and control subjects. Subjects included 16 boys with autism (aged 7-11 years), with nonverbal IQ greater than 80, and 15 age- and handedness-matched controls. Magnetic resonance brain images were segmented into gray and white matter; cerebral cortex was parcellated into 48 gyral-based divisions per hemisphere. Asymmetry was assessed a priori in language-related inferior lateral frontal and posterior superior temporal regions and assessed post hoc in all regions to determine specificity of asymmetry abnormalities. Boys with autism had significant asymmetry reversal in frontal language-related cortex: 27% larger on the right in autism and 17% larger on the left in controls. Only one additional region had significant asymmetry differences on post hoc analysis: posterior temporal fusiform gyrus (more left-sided in autism), whereas adjacent fusiform gyrus and temporooccipital inferior temporal gyrus both approached significance (more right-sided in autism). These inferior temporal regions are involved in visual face processing. In boys with autism, language and social/face processing-related regions displayed abnormal asymmetry. These structural abnormalities may relate to language and social disturbances observed in autism.