Time-Based Indicators of Emotional Complexity: Interrelations and Correlates
Time-Based Indicators of Emotional Complexity: Interrelations and Correlates
复制标题
DOI：
10.1037/a0030363
复制
发表时间：
2013-04-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Labouvie-Vief, Gisela
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gruehn, Daniel;Lumley, Mark A.;Labouvie-Vief, Gisela
情绪复杂性被认为是成人适应性情绪调节的相关因素之一。一种新颖且有潜在价值的操作情绪复杂性的方法是使用实时重复获得的情绪报告，这可以生成许多潜在的基于时间的情绪复杂性指标。然而，目前尚不清楚这些指标如何相互关联，如何与其他情感复杂性测量指标相关联，例如从认知发展角度对情绪复杂性的看法，或者与幸福感等适应性功能测量指标之间的关系。109名年龄在23岁到90岁之间的成年人参加了一项经验抽样研究，并在一周内每天报告五次他们的负面和正面影响。基于这些报告，我们计算了9个不同的基于时间的指标，这些指标可能反映了情绪的复杂性。分析显示了三个主要发现：第一，这些指标显示出一种不同的相互关系模式，暗示着情绪复杂性的四个不同组成部分。其次，年龄通常与情绪复杂性的基于时间的指标无关；然而，老年人总体上在负面情绪方面表现出较低的变异性。第三，基于时间的情绪复杂性指标要么与适应性功能的测量无关，要么与适应性功能的测量成反比；也就是说，这些测量往往预测适应性较差的轮廓，例如较低的主观和心理幸福感。总而言之，基于时间的情绪复杂性指标显示出了一幅比最初认为的更复杂、更无益的图景。特别是，负面情绪的变化性似乎表明了不太理想的调整。未来的研究将受益于收集基于时间的情绪复杂性指标在不同背景下的相互关系和相关性的经验数据。
Emotional complexity has been regarded as one correlate of adaptive emotion regulation in adulthood. One novel and potentially valuable approach to operationalizing emotional complexity is to use reports of emotions obtained repeatedly in real time, which can generate a number of potential time-based indicators of emotional complexity. It is not known, however, how these indicators relate to each other, to other measures of affective complexity, such as those derived from a cognitive-developmental view of emotional complexity, or to measures of adaptive functioning, such as well-being. A sample of 109 adults, aged 23 to 90 years, participated in an experience-sampling study and reported their negative and positive affect five times a day for one week. Based on these reports, we calculated nine different time-based indicators potentially reflecting emotional complexity. Analyses showed three major findings: First, the indicators showed a diverse pattern of interrelations suggestive of four distinct components of emotional complexity. Second, age was generally not related to time-based indicators of emotional complexity; however, older adults showed overall low variability in negative affect. Third, time-based indicators of emotional complexity were either unrelated or inversely related to measures of adaptive functioning; that is, these measures tended to predict a less adaptive profile, such as lower subjective and psychological well-being. In sum, time-based indicators of emotional complexity displayed a more complex and less beneficial picture than originally thought. In particular, variability in negative affect seems to indicate suboptimal adjustments. Future research would benefit from collecting empirical data for the interrelations and correlates of time-based indicators of emotional complexity in different contexts.