Polysialic Acid: Versatile Modification of NCAM, SynCAM 1 and Neuropilin-2
Polysialic Acid: Versatile Modification of NCAM, SynCAM 1 and Neuropilin-2
复制标题
DOI：
10.1007/s11064-013-0979-2
复制
发表时间：
2013-06-01
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Hildebrandt, Herbert
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Muehlenhoff, Martina;Rollenhagen, Manuela;Hildebrandt, Herbert
聚糖聚唾液酸是众所周知的神经细胞粘附分子NCAM的独特翻译后修饰。然而，尽管受体特异性显著，但一些其他蛋白质可以是聚唾液酸化的靶点。在这里，我们概括了聚唾液酸的生物合成的两个polysialyltransferases ST 8 SIA 2和ST 8 SIA 4，并强调越来越多的证据表明，在人类ST 8 SIA 2基因的变化与精神分裂症和其他可能的神经精神疾病。此外，我们总结了NCAM多聚唾液酸化在脑发育中的作用的知识，通过分析NCAM和多聚唾液酸转移酶缺陷小鼠模型。本综述的最后一部分是集中在最近的进展，确定SynCAM 1和neuropilin-2作为新的受体的聚唾液酸在NG 2细胞的围产期大脑和树突状细胞的免疫系统，分别。
The glycan polysialic acid is well-known as a unique posttranslational modification of the neural cell adhesion molecule NCAM. Despite remarkable acceptor specificity, however, a few other proteins can be targets of polysialylation. Here, we recapitulate the biosynthesis of polysialic acid by the two polysialyltransferases ST8SIA2 and ST8SIA4 and highlight the increasing evidence that variation in the human ST8SIA2 gene is linked to schizophrenia and possibly other neuropsychiatric disorders. Moreover, we summarize the knowledge on the role of NCAM polysialylation in brain development gained by the analysis of NCAM- and polysialyltransferase-deficient mouse models. The last part of this review is focused on recent advances in identifying SynCAM 1 and neuropilin-2 as novel acceptors of polysialic acid in NG2 cells of the perinatal brain and in dendritic cells of the immune system, respectively.