Age-related differentiation in verbal and visuospatial working memory processing in childhood

Age-related differentiation in verbal and visuospatial working memory processing in childhood
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儿童时期言语和视觉空间工作记忆处理的年龄相关分化

DOI:
10.1007/s00426-019-01219-w
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发表时间:
2020
期刊:
Psychological Research
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Karbach
Karbach
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Buttelmann;Könen;Hadley;Meaney;Auyeung;Chevalier;Karbach

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工作记忆是认知系统的一个重要特征,它允许以受控的方式同时保持和处理信息。工作记忆加工在儿童时期不断发展,言语和视觉空间工作记忆都有显著增加。言语工作记忆和视觉空间工作记忆可能表现出不同的发展轨迹,因为言语工作记忆(而不是视觉空间工作记忆)依赖于内部言语复述,这在幼儿中发展较少。我们研究了复杂的VWM和VSWM的性能在125个年轻的(4-6岁)和101个老年人(8-10岁)的儿童。潜在的多组模型表明:(1)年龄较大的儿童表现更好的言语和视觉空间工作记忆广度任务比年幼的儿童,(2)两个年龄组的表现更好的言语比视觉空间工作记忆,(3)模型与两个因素代表言语和视觉空间工作记忆更好地拟合数据比一个因素模型。更重要的是,这两个因素之间的相关性显着高于在年龄较大的儿童,这表明年龄相关的分化言语和空间WM处理在童年中期。工作记忆相关分化是认知功能的一个重要特征,因此这些发现有助于我们对工作记忆加工的理解。
Working memory (WM), a key feature of the cognitive system, allows for maintaining and processing information simultaneously and in a controlled manner. WM processing continuously develops across childhood, with significant increases both in verbal and visuospatial WM. Verbal and visuospatial WM may show different developmental trajectories, as verbal (but not visuospatial) WM relies on internal verbal rehearsal, which is less developed in younger children. We examined complex VWM and VSWM performance in 125 younger (age 4–6 years) and 101 older (age 8–10 years) children. Latent multi-group modeling showed that (1) older children performed better on both verbal and visuospatial WM span tasks than younger children, (2) both age groups performed better on verbal than visuospatial WM, and (3) a model with two factors representing verbal and visuospatial WM fit the data better than a one-factor model. Importantly, the correlation between the two factors was significantly higher in younger than in older children, suggesting an age-related differentiation of verbal and spatial WM processing in middle childhood. Age-related differentiation is an important characteristic of cognitive functioning and thus the findings contribute to our general understanding of WM processing.
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DOI: --
发表时间: 1993
期刊:
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