Fire behaviour and smoke modelling: model improvement and measurement needs for next-generation smoke research and forecasting systems
Fire behaviour and smoke modelling: model improvement and measurement needs for next-generation smoke research and forecasting systems
复制标题
火灾行为和烟雾建模：下一代烟雾研究和预测系统的模型改进和测量需求
DOI：
10.1071/wf18204
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发表时间：
2019
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Goodrick, Scott
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Liu, Yongqiang;Kochanski, Adam;Baker, Kirk R.;Mell, William;Linn, Rodman;Paugam, Ronan;Mandel, Jan;Fournier, Aime;Jenkins, Mary Ann;Goodrick, Scott
迫切需要下一代烟雾研究和预报(SRF)系统，以应对与野地火灾排放相关的日益增长的空气质量、健康和安全问题。本文介绍了用一套选定的火灾行为和烟雾模型对假想的规定燃烧进行的模拟和实验，并确定了模型改进的主要问题和最关键的观测需求。结果用于了解下一代SRF系统所需的新的和改进的能力，并支持火灾和烟雾模型评估实验(FASMEE)和其他现场活动的设计。下一代SRF系统应该具有更多的火、烟和大气过程的耦合。发展耦合能力需要跨不同学科的综合和时空综合测量，以描述火焰和能量结构(例如，单个单元、垂直热量分布和混合良好的燃烧气体的高度)、烟雾结构(垂直分布和多个亚羽)、环境空气过程(烟雾涡流、卷吸和烟雾气溶胶的辐射影响)和火灾排放(针对不同燃料类型和燃烧条件，从燃烧到剩余阴燃)，以及夜间过程(排烟和超级雾形成)。
There is an urgent need for next-generation smoke research and forecasting (SRF) systems to meet the challenges of the growing air quality, health and safety concerns associated with wildland fire emissions. This review paper presents simulations and experiments of hypothetical prescribed burns with a suite of selected fire behaviour and smoke models and identifies major issues for model improvement and the most critical observational needs. The results are used to understand the new and improved capability required for the next-generation SRF systems and to support the design of the Fire and Smoke Model Evaluation Experiment (FASMEE) and other field campaigns. The next-generation SRF systems should have more coupling of fire, smoke and atmospheric processes. The development of the coupling capability requires comprehensive and spatially and temporally integrated measurements across the various disciplines to characterise flame and energy structure (e.g. individual cells, vertical heat profile and the height of well-mixing flaming gases), smoke structure (vertical distributions and multiple subplumes), ambient air processes (smoke eddy, entrainment and radiative effects of smoke aerosols) and fire emissions (for different fuel types and combustion conditions from flaming to residual smouldering), as well as night-time processes (smoke drainage and super-fog formation).