The relationship between emotional intelligence, co mmunication skills and stress among Iranian premier league referees
The relationship between emotional intelligence, co mmunication skills and stress among Iranian premier league referees
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伊朗超级联赛裁判情商、沟通技巧和压力之间的关系
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发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
M. Monazami
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
R. Nikbakhsh;S. Alam;M. Monazami
本研究旨在探讨伊朗足球超级联赛裁判员的情绪智力、沟通技巧与压力的关系。研究方法为描述性与相关性研究，资料采问卷调查法，采田野调查法。这项研究的对象包括2010-2011赛季中超联赛的所有73名裁判。样本量等于总体。对73名被试发放问卷，有效问卷67份（91.78%）。在情绪智力模型的基础上编制了情绪智力量表、沟通技巧问卷、裁判员压力问卷。采用描述性统计（频数、百分比、均数和标准差）和推断性统计（Pearson相关公式和逐步回归分析）对数据进行分析（p<0.05）。结果表明，伊朗足球超级联赛裁判员的情绪智力和沟通能力高于平均水平，压力水平较低。裁判员的压力主要与错误的判罚、身体攻击性和身体素质的缺乏有关。相比之下，裁判员报告说，当主管和媒体出席比赛时，他们的压力较小。裁判员的情绪智力与裁判员的压力之间的关系不显著，而与裁判员的沟通能力之间存在显著的正相关。情绪开发是裁判员沟通技巧的最佳预测因子。建议对裁判员进行情感训练，以提高裁判员的沟通能力。程序表明，使裁判员对他们的情绪敏感，提高对他们的情绪维度的认识。他们所学到的情感技能可以帮助他们解决冲突和应对心理压力，并促进他们与他人的沟通。结果，他们的人际关系和工作表现都会得到发展。
The present study aimed to investigate the relation ship between emotional intelligence, communication skills and stress in Iranian soccer super league referees. The method of the study is descriptive and correlation and the data were collected via questionnaires using field study procedure . The population of the study consisted of all 73 so ccer super league referees in the 2010-2011 season. The sample size was equated with the population. From a mong the 73 questionnaires distributed to the referees, a nu mber of 67 questionnaires (91.78%) were regarded as valid and analyzable. Emotional intelligence scale developed based on the model of emotional intelligence, Commu nication Skills Questionnaire, Referees Stress Questionnaire . Both descriptive statistics including frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviation and inferential statist ics including Pearson correlation formula and regre ssion analysis (both enter and stepwise methods) were use d to analyze the data (p<0.05). The results showed that Iranian soccer super league referees had above average emot ional intelligence and communication skills and had low levels of stress. The referee's stresses were mostly relat ed to wrong decisions, physical aggression and lack of physical fitness. In contrast, the referees reported less stress when supervisor and media attendance in the ga mes. The results also indicated that the relationship between emotio nal intelligence and referees stress were not signi ficant while there was significant positive correlation between emotional intelligence and communication skills in the referees. Emotions exploitation was the best predictor of com munication skills in the referees. It is recommende d that EI training programs be designed for the referees in o rder to increase communication skills in them. Prog rams indicated that made referees sensitive toward their emotions and raise awareness toward their emotiona l dimension. The emotional skills they have learned can help the m to conflict resolution and coping with mental pre ssures and facilitate their communication with others. As a re sult, their interpersonal and performance will be d evelop.