Mapping livestock-oriented agricultural production systems for the developing world
Mapping livestock-oriented agricultural production systems for the developing world
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/s0308-521x(02)00085-9
复制
发表时间：
2003-07-01
影响因子：
6.6
通讯作者：
Kristjanson, PM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kruska, RL;Reid, RS;Kristjanson, PM
关于国际农业研究的公共投资是否是一件好事的问题最好用两个论点来解决：（1）基于过去的投资是否为社会和资源贫乏者带来了实质性利益的理由;（2）未来的投资需要尽可能有效和高效，这意味着它们必须尽可能有针对性。任何力求全面的影响评估框架的一个主要组成部分是关于不同农业系统的位置和经营这些系统的资源贫乏者的相关特点的信息。鉴于牲畜对贫困农户的饮食和收入的重要性，以及预计未来几十年整个发展中世界对牲畜产品的需求将增加，了解牲畜如何适应这些系统以及这些系统未来如何演变至关重要。在非洲尤其如此，世界上大约27%（1.62亿人）的贫困牲畜饲养者生活在那里。本文进一步发展了Sere和斯坦菲尔德在1996年提出的全球畜牧生产系统分类。这些畜牧业系统分为四类：无土地系统、纯畜牧业/牧场系统（最低限度耕作的地区）、混合灌溉系统（大多数是种植业与畜牧业相结合）和混合灌溉系统（很大一部分耕作利用灌溉，并与畜牧业相结合）。然后，我们描述了一种方法来映射的分类，根据农业气候学（生长期的长度），土地覆盖，人口密度。最后，我们讨论了如何改进的地图，并指出其潜在的用途在一系列不同的政策和研究和开发应用。(C)2003爱思唯尔科技有限公司版权所有。
Questions as to whether public investment in international agricultural research is a Good Thing' or not may best be addressed using two arguments: (1)justifications based on whether or not past investments have yielded substantial benefits to societies and the resource-poor; and (2) that future investments need to be made as effectively and efficiently as possible, which means they must be targeted as closely as possible. A major component of any impact assessment framework that aspires to comprehensiveness is, information on the location of different agricultural systems and pertinent characteristics of the resource poor who operate them. Given the importance of livestock to the diets and incomes of poor farming households, and the predicted increase in demand for livestock products throughout the developing world over the next few decades, understanding how livestock fit into these systems, and how these systems may evolve in the future, is critical. This is especially true in Africa, where approximately 27% (162 million people) of the world's poor livestock keepers live. In this paper, we further develop a global livestock production system classification put forward by Sere and Steinfeld in 1996. These livestock systems fall into four categories: landless systems, livestock only/rangeland-based systems (areas with minimal cropping), mixed rainfed systems (mostly rainfed cropping combined with livestock) and mixed irrigated systems (a significant proportion of cropping uses irrigation and is interspersed with livestock). We then describe-a method for mapping the classification, based on agro-climatology (length of growing period), land cover, and human population density. We conclude with a discussion of how the maps could be refined, and indicate their potential use in a range of different policy and research and development applications. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.