Coldest Canadian Arctic communities face greatest reductions in shorefast sea ice
Coldest Canadian Arctic communities face greatest reductions in shorefast sea ice
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DOI：
10.1038/s41558-020-0757-5
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发表时间：
2020-05-04
影响因子：
30.7
通讯作者：
Lynch, Amanda H.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cooley, Sarah W.;Ryan, Jonathan C.;Lynch, Amanda H.
海岸海冰仅占全球海冰覆盖面积的12%左右，但它对北极社会和生态系统具有极其重要的意义。然而，人们对它解体的主要驱动因素或它将如何应对气候变暖知之甚少。在这里，我们使用19年的近每天的卫星图像，以记录在北方加拿大和格陵兰岛西部的28个社区，依靠海岸冰的运输和传统的生计活动的海岸冰破裂的时间。分手的时间是密切相关的春季气温，但社区之间的关系的敏感性有很大差异。我们结合联合收割机这些观测与未来变暖的情况下，估计每年减少5-44天的长度的春季海岸冰季到2100年。巧合的是，最寒冷的社区预计将经历春季冰季持续时间的最大减少。我们的研究结果强调了气候变化的地方性及其对北极社区的不同影响。滨岸海冰，在冬季和春季形成沿着北极海岸，对当地社区和生态系统很重要。卫星和气候模型数据被用来估计到2100年，海岸冰季长度将减少5-44天，最冷的地区将经历最大的减少。
Shorefast sea ice comprises only about 12% of global sea-ice cover, yet it has outsized importance for Arctic societies and ecosystems. Relatively little is known, however, about the dominant drivers of its breakup or how it will respond to climate warming. Here, we use 19 years of near-daily satellite imagery to document the timing of shorefast ice breakup in 28 communities in northern Canada and western Greenland that rely on shorefast ice for transportation and traditional subsistence activities. Breakup timing is strongly correlated with springtime air temperature, but the sensitivity of the relationship varies substantially among communities. We combine these observations with future warming scenarios to estimate an annual reduction of 5-44 days in the length of the springtime shorefast ice season by 2100. Paradoxically, the coldest communities are projected to experience the largest reductions in springtime ice season duration. Our results emphasize the local nature of climate change and its varied impacts on Arctic communities.Shorefast sea ice, which forms along the Arctic shore in winter and spring, is important for local communities and ecosystems. Satellite and climate model data are used to estimate a decrease in shorefast ice season length of 5-44 days by 2100, with the coldest areas experiencing the largest reductions.