Neurocognitive Functioning Mediates the Prospective Association of Birth Weight With Youth ADHD Symptoms.
Neurocognitive Functioning Mediates the Prospective Association of Birth Weight With Youth ADHD Symptoms.
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神经认知功能介导出生体重与青少年多动症症状的前瞻性关联。
DOI：
10.1080/15374416.2016.1183498
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发表时间：
2018
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Lee,SteveS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Morgan,JuliaE;Loo,SandraK;Lee,SteveS
虽然出生体重是注意力缺陷/多动障碍（ADHD）症状的潜在因果风险因素，但这种关联的特异性及其介导途径在很大程度上是未知的。我们仔细评估了有和没有多动症的青少年（即第1波），并对他们进行了2年的前瞻性随访（即第2波）。我们(a)测试了出生体重与第二波ADHD症状的关联，(b)在多重中介框架中评估了生物学上合理的第一波神经认知功能作为出生体重和第二波ADHD症状的时间顺序中介。在第1波，222名不同种族的青少年（30%为女性，5-10岁）完成了韦氏儿童智力量表- iv的数字广度、词汇、符号搜索和算术子测试。在第1波和第2波（7-13岁）中，多名举报人（即家长、教师）使用多种方法（即结构化访谈、评定量表）对青少年多动症症状和共发精神病理进行评定。控制人口统计学因素、胎龄以及同时发生的外化和内化精神病理，出生体重在多种方法和被调查者中与第二波ADHD症状呈负相关。此外，在控制第一波ADHD症状和相关协变量后，第一波算术唯一地介导了出生体重与多方法/信息来源第二波ADHD症状的关联。这些发现表明，出生体重是青少年ADHD症状的一个相对特定的危险因素，它们暗示流体推理的个体差异是这种关联的初步因果中介。我们讨论了对未来研究评估ADHD潜在危险因素的因果机制的影响。
Although birth weight is a potential causal risk factor for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms, both the specificity of this association and its mediating pathways are largely unknown. We carefully assessed youth with and without ADHD (i.e., Wave 1), and followed them prospectively for 2 years (i.e., Wave 2). We (a) tested the association of birth weight with Wave 2 ADHD symptoms, and (b) evaluated biologically plausible neurocognitive functions from Wave 1 as temporally ordered mediators of birth weight and Wave 2 ADHD symptoms in a multiple mediation framework. At Wave 1, 222 ethnically diverse youth (30% female; ages 5–10) completed the Digit Span, Vocabulary, Symbol Search, and Arithmetic subtests of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children–IV. At both Wave 1 and Wave 2 (ages 7–13), multiple informants (i.e., parents, teachers) rated youth ADHD symptoms and co-occurring psychopathology using multiple methods (i.e., structured interview, rating scale). Controlling for demographic factors, gestational age, and co-occurring externalizing and internalizing psychopathology, birth weight inversely predicted Wave 2 ADHD symptoms across multiple methods and informants. Additionally, controlling for Wave 1 ADHD symptoms and relevant covariates, Wave 1 Arithmetic uniquely mediated the association of birth weight with multi-method/informant Wave 2 ADHD symptoms. These findings suggest that birth weight is a relatively specific risk factor for youth ADHD symptoms and they implicate individual differences in fluid reasoning as a preliminary causal mediator of this association. We discuss implications for future research evaluating causal mechanisms underlying risk factors for ADHD.