An Analysis on Pre-disaster Mitigation in FEMA, in the United States
An Analysis on Pre-disaster Mitigation in FEMA, in the United States
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美国 FEMA 的灾前减灾分析
DOI：
10.11314/jisss.39.203
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发表时间：
2021
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
牧 紀男
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
大津山 堅介;曽我部 哲人;牧 紀男
气候变化和灾害风险加剧是21世纪的全球议程。探索适应气候变化、管理下的撤退（买断）和提高住房将是政策制定者的合理选择，尽管目前还不清楚决策的先决条件和变量是什么。本研究的重点是分析联邦紧急事务管理局（FEMA）如何分配他们的资金，减灾援助，以减轻灾害发生前的灾害风险。本研究使用OpenFEMA数据集作为定量分析和QGIS的空间分析。研究结果显示，灾害的重现性、灾害强度与灾害成本将成为决策的潜在变数，且买断式经营有助于自然环境保育。
Climate change and intensified disaster risks are a global agenda in the 21st century. Exploring climate change adaptation, managed retreat (buyout) and elevation of the housing would be reasonable options for policy makers, though it is unclear what are the prerequisites and variables for the decision making. This study focuses on the analysis of how the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) distributed their funds, Hazard Mitigation Assistance, to mitigate disaster risks before disaster strikes. This study used OpenFEMA Data Sets as a quantitative analysis and QGIS for spatial analysis. The results implied that recurrence of disasters, intensity, and costs would be the potential variables for the decision making, and the buyouts contributed to natural environmental conservation.