The cellular immunology of multiple sclerosis
The cellular immunology of multiple sclerosis
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DOI：
10.1002/jlb.65.4.444
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发表时间：
1999-04-01
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
Gendelman, HE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Al-Omaishi, J;Bashir, R;Gendelman, HE
多发性硬化症（MS）是一种影响中枢神经系统（脑和脊髓）的神经系统疾病，其导致使人衰弱的运动和感觉功能障碍，其平均发病年龄为30岁，并且除了创伤之外，MS仍然是年轻成年人神经系统残疾的最常见原因。这种疾病在发病和进展方面变化很大。它可能不容易诊断，至少在早期阶段。严重残疾是一个标志。的RIS。事实上，高达50%的患者需要助行器，10%的患者在初次诊断后15年需要使用轮椅。临床特征包括感觉（感觉异常和麻木）、运动（精细运动和步态困难）、平衡、膀胱和性功能的缺陷。尽管MS的病因尚不清楚，但认为其与微生物、遗传和/或环境因素有关。病理学上，RIS的特征在于Ly炎症。单核细胞通过破坏的血脑屏障流入免疫豁免的中枢神经系统。神经胶质细胞分泌多种炎性细胞因子和趋化因子导致髓鞘损失、少突胶质细胞完整性破坏和轴突损失。这些事件在很大程度上影响进行性神经萎缩。脑炎症活动如何影响白细胞跨内皮迁移进入大脑并改变髓鞘形成过程是MS研究活动的焦点。
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a neurological disease that affects the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord) resulting in debilitating motor and sensory dysfunction, Its mean age of onset is 30 years and, with the exception of trauma, MS remains the most frequent cause of neurological disabilities for young adults. The disease is highly variable in its onset and progression. It may not be easily diagnosed, at least in its earliest stages. Significant disability is a hallmark. of RIS. Indeed, up to 50% of patients require walking aids and 10% ape wheelchair-bound at 15 years after an initial diagnosis. Clinical features include deficits in sensory (parasthesias and numbness), motor (difficulties with fine movements and gait), balance, bladder, and sexual functions, Although the etiology for MS is not yet knows, it is thought to be related to microbial, genetic, and/or environmental factors, Pathologically, RIS is characterized Ly inflammation. An influx of mononuclear cells occurs through a disrupted blood-brain barrier into an immune-privileged central nervous system, The secretion of a variety of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines from glial cells leads to loss of myelin, disruption of oligodendrocyte integrity, and axonal loss. These events, in large measure, affect progressive neural atrophy. How brain inflammatory activities affect transendothelial migration of leukocytes into the,rain and alter the process of myelination are the focal points for MS research activities.