The Taxonomy and Identification of Thermus
The Taxonomy and Identification of Thermus
复制标题
栖热菌的分类和鉴定
DOI：
10.1007/978-1-4615-1831-0_1
复制
发表时间：
1995
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
R. Sharp
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ralph A. D. Williams;R. Sharp
20世纪60年代末，从日本和美国的温泉中首次分离出Thermus属细菌。Thermus菌株似乎也广泛存在于中性、高温、含水的人工环境中，如家庭和工业热水系统以及热污染的溪流。表I列出了已用于分类研究的参考菌株。来自黄石国家公园来源的分离物最初被分配给这一新属的模式种--Thermus Aquaticus(BRock and From，1969)。随后，对黄石国家公园的地点进行了Thermus的采样，但只能从55°C至80°C和pH 6.0至10.5之间的来源获得分离株(Munster等人，1986年)。在日本，早期的分离物被命名为“嗜热黄杆菌”(Oshima and Imahori，1971)，但被有效地重新描述为“Thermus thermophilus”(Oshima和Imahori，1974)。其他日本菌株被命名为“Thermus Huang us”(Saiki et al.，1972)和“Thermus caldophilus”(Taguchi et al.，1982)，但这些菌株似乎属于T.thermophilus genosSpecies(见第5.2节。和6.1)。对冰岛的其他陆地温泉进行了采样(Cornetta等人，1982b；Hudson等人，1987a；Kristjansson和Alfredsson，1983；PaskHughes和Williams，1977)。还对许多新西兰分离株(Hudson等人，1987a)和有效命名的Thermus filiformis菌株(Hudson等人，1987b)进行了广泛的研究。
Bacteria of the genus Thermus were first isolated in the late 1960s from hot springs in Japan and the USA. Thermus strains also appear to be widespread in neutral, hot, aqueous artificial environments such as domestic and industrial hot water systems and thermally polluted streams. The reference strains that have been used in taxonomic studies are listed in Table I. Isolates from sources in Yellowstone National Park were originally allocated to the type species, Thermus aquaticus (Brock and Freeze, 1969), of this new genus. Subsequently, sites in Yellowstone National Park were sampled for Thermus, but isolates were only obtained from sources between 55 °C and 80 °C and pH 6.0 to 10.5 (Munster et al., 1986). In Japan, early isolates were named “Flavobacterium thermophilum” (Oshima and Imahori, 1971), but validly redescribed as “Thermus thermophilus” (Oshima and Imahori, 1974). Other Japanese strains were given the invalid species names “Thermus flavus” (Saiki et al., 1972), and “Thermus caldophilus” (Taguchi et al., 1982), but these strains seem to belong to the T. thermophilus genospecies (see sections 5.2. and 6.1). Other terrestrial hot springs in Iceland were sampled (Cornetta et al., 1982b; Hudson et al., 1987a; Kristjansson and Alfredsson, 1983; Pask-Hughes and Williams, 1977). Extensive studies were also made of many New Zealand isolates, (Hudson et al., 1987a) and the validly named strain Thermus filiformis (Hudson et al., 1987b).