A multilevel analysis of ethnic variation in depressive symptoms among adolescents in the United States.
A multilevel analysis of ethnic variation in depressive symptoms among adolescents in the United States.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.socscimed.2004.08.065
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发表时间：
2005-05
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
R. Wight;C. Aneshensel;A. Botticello;Joslan E Sepúlveda
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
R. Wight;C. Aneshensel;A. Botticello;Joslan E Sepúlveda
本研究考察了种族与青少年抑郁症状之间的联系，特别关注个人和环境层面风险因素的交叉。数据来自国家青少年健康纵向研究（Add Health），这是一项对具有全国代表性的美国7年级至12年级学生样本（分析N=18,473）的小组调查。抑郁症状用流行病学研究中心抑郁量表的16项子量表来测量。分层线性模型用于估计个人层面的种族、性别、年龄、家庭结构和社会经济地位（SES）以及社区层面的种族组成和社会经济地位的同时影响，通过将美国人口普查区的数据分解到学校抽样区域来操作。抽样地区的抑郁症状有显著差异，个体和情境水平的特征对抑郁症状有影响。个体层面的种族对抑郁症状的影响取决于抽样地区的特征，因为生活在主要是非西班牙裔白人地区的非裔美国青少年出现频繁抑郁症状的风险特别高。研究结果表明，在某些情况下，作为一个种族群体成员的情感后果取决于社会背景。
This study examines linkages between ethnicity and symptoms of depression among adolescents, with a specific focus on the intersection of individual- and contextual-level risk factors. Data are from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (Add Health), a panel survey of a nationally representative United States sample (analytic N=18,473) of students in the 7th through 12th grades. Depressive symptoms are measured with a 16-item subscale of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression Scale. Hierarchical linear modeling is used to estimate the simultaneous effects of individual-level ethnicity, sex, age, family structure, and socioeconomic status (SES), and community-level ethnic composition and SES, operationalized by collapsing United States Census tract data to the school sampling area. There is significant variation in depressive symptoms among sampling areas and both individual- and contextual-level characteristics exert effects on depressive symptomatology. The impact of individual-level ethnicity on depressive symptoms depends upon characteristics of the sampling area, in that African American teens living within predominantly Non-Hispanic White areas are at especially high risk for frequent depressive symptoms. The findings demonstrate that the emotional consequences of membership in an ethnic group are in some instances contingent upon social context.