Think different: The merits of unconscious thought in preference development and decision making
Think different: The merits of unconscious thought in preference development and decision making
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DOI：
10.1037/0022-3514.87.5.586
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发表时间：
2004-11-01
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
Dijksterhuis, A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dijksterhuis, A
通过5个实验考察了无意识和有意识思维在决策中的作用。由于意识的处理能力较低，有意识的思维被假设为在做出复杂决策时适应不良。相反，潜意识思维被认为是非常有效的。在实验1-3中，参与者面临一个复杂的决策问题，他们必须在各种备选方案中进行选择，每个方案都有多个属性。有些与会者在收到备选方案后不得不立即作出决定。在有意识的思考条件下，参与者可以思考几分钟的决定。在无意识思考的情况下，参与者被分散了几分钟的注意力，然后表明了他们的决定。在整个实验过程中，无意识的思考者做出了最好的决定。在实验4和5中获得的额外证据表明，无意识思维导致记忆中更清晰、更两极化和更整合的表征。
The role of unconscious and conscious thought in decision making was investigated in 5 experiments. Because of the low processing capacity of consciousness, conscious thought was hypothesized to be maladaptive when making complex decisions. Conversely, unconscious thought was expected to be highly effective. In Experiments 1-3, participants were presented with a complex decision problem in which they had to choose between various alternatives, each with multiple attributes. Some participants had to make a decision immediately after being presented with the options. In the conscious thought condition, participants could think about the decision for a few minutes. In the unconscious thought condition, participants were distracted for a few minutes and then indicated their decision. Throughout the experiments, unconscious thinkers made the best decisions. Additional evidence obtained in Experiments 4 and 5 suggests that unconscious thought leads to clearer, more polarized, and more integrated representations in memory.