Hydrogen cyanamide impacts on flowering, crop load, and fruit quality of red 'Fuji' apple (Malus domestica)
Hydrogen cyanamide impacts on flowering, crop load, and fruit quality of red 'Fuji' apple (Malus domestica)
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DOI：
10.1080/01140671.2004.9514300
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发表时间：
2004-06-01
影响因子：
1.3
通讯作者：
Jones, KM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bound, SA;Jones, KM
许多苹果品种花期延长，常给栽培管理带来困难。以红富士苹果为试材，研究了2年多美克斯（Dormex（R））对红富士苹果开花、产量、果实大小和品质的影响。在第1年，以3%v/v在5个施用时间（估计萌芽（dBEB）前40、30、20、10或0天）施用氰胺。将这些处理与未处理的对照进行比较。在第2年，在40或30 dBEB下以1%、2%或3% v/v施用氨腈。将开花稀释剂乙烯利在盛开时施用于所有氢氰胺处理的树木。还包括未处理的对照、手工稀释的处理和化学稀释的对照。氢氰胺先进的开花，在这两年中，在40或30 dBEB。在第1年，盛开提前超过1周，从粉红色花蕾到盛开的花期被40 dBEB应用压缩，导致非常明确的盛开日期。在萌芽期或10 dBEB时施用氰氨化氢会导致花发育延长和一些芽烧焦。第二年春天的气候异常温暖，导致花期异常短暂。在这些条件下，似乎仍然可以使用氨腈来提前开花，但不需要压缩花期。单氰胺处理第一年坐果率降低，第二年坐果率不降低。大多数处理对果实品质没有不利影响。没有证据表明HCN和乙烯利之间存在任何负面相互作用。
The extended flowering period of many apple (Malus domestica) cultivars often causes problems in the management of crop load. Hydrogen cyanamide (Dormex(R)) was examined over a 2-year period for its effect on flowering, crop load, fruit size, and quality of 'Fuji' apple. In Year 1, hydrogen cyanamide was applied at 5 application times (40, 30, 20, 10, or 0 days before estimated budburst (dBEB)) at 3% v/v. These treatments were compared with an untreated control. In Year 2, hydrogen cyanamide was applied at 1%, 2%, or 3% v/v at either 40 or 30 dBEB. The blossom thinner ethephon was applied to all hydrogen cyanamide treated trees at full bloom. An untreated control, a hand-thinned treatment, and a chemically thinned control were also included. Hydrogen cyanamide advanced flowering in both years when applied at 40 or 30 dBEB. In Year 1, full bloom was advanced by more than I week and the flowering period from pink bud to full bloom compressed by the 40 dBEB application, resulting in a very clearly defined full bloom date. Application of hydrogen cyanamide at budburst or 10 dBEB resulted in extended flower development and some bud scorching. Unseasonally warm spring weather conditions in the second year resulted in an abnormally short flowering period. It would appear that under these conditions hydrogen cyanamide can still be used to advance flowering but is not necessary to compress the flowering period. Hydrogen cyanamide reduced fruit set in the first year but not the second. Most treatments showed no detrimental effect on fruit quality. There was no evidence of any negative interactions between HCN and ethephon.