Ethanol- and sucrose-reinforced appetitive and consummatory responding in HAD1, HAD2, and P rats
Ethanol- and sucrose-reinforced appetitive and consummatory responding in HAD1, HAD2, and P rats
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DOI：
10.1097/01.alc.0000036284.74513.a5
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发表时间：
2002-11-01
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Samson, HH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Czachowski, CL;Samson, HH
简介：乙醇偏好（P）大鼠和高酒精饮用（HAD 1和HAD 2）大鼠已被选择性饲养消耗更多的乙醇比非选择的大鼠品系。这三个大鼠行也表现出增加的水平，乙醇在操作性的范例，评估相结合的食欲/消费responsibility.Methods：本实验使用了一个模型的强化反应，程序上分离的食欲，或寻求，响应要求从消费性反应比较寻求和摄入反应P和HAD大鼠。训练受试者（每组n = 7或8）做出25次按压反应，然后进入含有10%乙醇（10 E）或（在不同的受试者组中）3%蔗糖（3S）的吸管喷口20分钟。训练后，进行了一次非强化训练，以评估在灭绝条件下对食欲反应的限制。在这一单次非强化训练后，通过在几天内增加反应要求，直到受试者未能完成要求，对10 E和3S进行三次连续的跨训练断点测定。最后的灭绝session，然后conducted.Results：食欲反应在两个nonreinforced和断点会议表明，P大鼠作出显着更多的反应，整体比HAD大鼠在乙醇和蔗糖组。P大鼠消耗的蔗糖也比HAD大鼠多，两种品系之间的乙醇消耗量无差异（1.0-1.5 g/kg/20 min）。乙醇组FLAD大鼠的食欲反应与先前报道的非选择性Long-Evans大鼠的食欲反应相当。这些发现表明，食欲和消费过程是不同的，P大鼠有一个增加的趋势，寻找和饮用乙醇和蔗糖溶液，使得该选择的线在对涉及过量饮酒的“渴望”和“失控”相关行为建模时有用。
Introduction: Ethanol-preferring (P) rats and high-alcohol-drinking (HAD1 and HAD2) rats have been selectively bred to consume greater amounts of ethanol than nonselected rat strains. These three rat lines also show increased levels of responding for ethanol in operant paradigms that assess a combined appetitive/consummatory response.Methods: The present experiment used a model of reinforced responding that procedurally separates the appetitive, or seeking, response requirement from consummatory responding to compare seeking and intake responding in P and HAD rats. Subjects (n = 7 or 8 per group) were trained to make 25 lever-press responses, which were followed by 20 min of access to a sipper tube spout containing either 10% ethanol (10E) or (in separate groups of subjects) 3% sucrose (3S). After training, a single nonreinforced session was conducted to assess the limit to appetitive responding under extinction conditions. After this single nonreinforced session, three successive across-session breakpoint determinations were made for 10E and 3S by increasing the response requirement over days until subjects failed to complete the requirement. A final extinction session was then conducted.Results: Appetitive responding during both the nonreinforced and breakpoint sessions indicated that P rats made significantly more responses overall than HAD rats in both the ethanol and sucrose groups. P rats also consumed more sucrose than HAD rats, with no differences in ethanol consumption between the lines (1.0-1.5 g/kg/20 min). Appetitive responding in the FLAD rats in the ethanol groups was comparable to that reported previously for nonselected Long-Evans rats.Conclusions: These findings indicate that appetitive and consummatory processes are distinct and that P rats have an increased tendency to both seek and drink ethanol and sucrose solutions, making this selected line useful when modeling both "craving" and "loss of control" related behaviors involved in excessive alcohol consumption.