Late Pliocene fossiliferous sedimentary record and the environmental context of early Homo from Afar, Ethiopia
Late Pliocene fossiliferous sedimentary record and the environmental context of early Homo from Afar, Ethiopia
复制标题
上新世晚期化石沉积记录和埃塞俄比亚阿法尔早期人属的环境背景
作者：
E. Dimaggio;Christopher J. Campisano;John Rowan;G. Dupont‐Nivet;A. Deino;F. Bibi;Margaret E Lewis;Antoine Souron;D. Garello;L. Werdelin;K. Reed;J. Arrowsmith
发现近300万年前的人属人类的化石记录是出了名的不完整和不完整。即便如此，近几十年来在非洲出土的骨骼遗骸和人工制品对阐明人类进化做出了很大贡献。但是人属的起源是什么呢？Villmoare等人在埃塞俄比亚的阿法尔地区发现了一块下颌骨和牙齿化石。这一发现将可识别的人属的记录延长了至少50万年，达到近280万年前。该化石的形态特征与人属的关系比与其他任何人科属的关系都要密切。迪马吉奥等人证实了该遗址的古代日期，并认为这些早期人类生活在一个比以前认为的更开放和干旱的环境中。《科学》，本期，第1352页，第1355页埃塞俄比亚李埃里塔遗址的沉积物表明，早期人属生活在开阔和干旱的环境中。非洲东部的沉积盆地保存了大陆裂谷的记录，并含有重要的化石组合，用于解释人类的进化。然而，在300万到250万年前（Ma）之间的人类进化记录在地表露头中记录得很少，特别是在埃塞俄比亚的阿法尔。在这里，我们介绍了在埃塞俄比亚阿法尔的Ledi-Geraru研究区发现的一个284 - 258万年前的化石和含人的沉积物，这些化石和沉积物产生了人属的最早记录。脊椎动物化石记录的动物区系营业额表明更开放，可能是干旱的栖息地比那些重建早期在这一地区，这是在广泛的协议与假设解决的作用，环境迫使在人类进化在这个时候。地质分析限制了阿法尔的沉积和结构模型，并将LD 350-1 Homo下颌骨的年龄定为2.80至2.75 Ma。
Finding Homo nearly 3 million years ago The fossil record of humans is notoriously patchy and incomplete. Even so, skeletal remains and artifacts unearthed in Africa in recent decades have done much to illuminate human evolution. But what is the origin of the genus Homo? Villmoare et al. found a fossil mandible and teeth from the Afar region in Ethiopia. The find extends the record of recognizable Homo by at least half a million years, to almost 2.8 million years ago. The morphological traits of the fossil align more closely with Homo than with any other hominid genus. DiMaggio et al. confirm the ancient date of the site and suggest that these early humans lived in a setting that was more open and arid than previously thought. Science, this issue p. 1352, p. 1355 Sediments from the Lee Adoyta site in Ethiopia suggest that early Homo lived in open and arid conditions. Sedimentary basins in eastern Africa preserve a record of continental rifting and contain important fossil assemblages for interpreting hominin evolution. However, the record of hominin evolution between 3 and 2.5 million years ago (Ma) is poorly documented in surface outcrops, particularly in Afar, Ethiopia. Here we present the discovery of a 2.84– to 2.58–million-year-old fossil and hominin-bearing sediments in the Ledi-Geraru research area of Afar, Ethiopia, that have produced the earliest record of the genus Homo. Vertebrate fossils record a faunal turnover indicative of more open and probably arid habitats than those reconstructed earlier in this region, which is in broad agreement with hypotheses addressing the role of environmental forcing in hominin evolution at this time. Geological analyses constrain depositional and structural models of Afar and date the LD 350-1 Homo mandible to 2.80 to 2.75 Ma.