Keratins regulate β‐cell mitochondrial morphology, motility, and homeostasis

Keratins regulate β‐cell mitochondrial morphology, motility, and homeostasis
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角蛋白调节 β 细胞线粒体形态、运动和稳态

DOI:
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发表时间:
2017
期刊:
The FASEB Journal
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
D. Toivola
D. Toivola
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
J. Silvander;Sofie M Kvarnström;Angeli Kumari;Anup Shrestha;C. Alam;D. Toivola

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鼠β细胞中上皮中间丝蛋白角蛋白8(K8)的缺失导致不规则的胰岛素囊泡和降低的胰岛素水平。由于线粒体在葡萄糖刺激的胰岛素分泌中处于中心地位,因此研究了角蛋白与β细胞线粒体功能和形态之间的关系。小鼠K8-敲除(K8-/-)胰岛中的β细胞线粒体数量增加,线粒体更圆,具有弥漫性嵴,如电子显微镜所见。与K8+/+线粒体相比,原代培养的K8−/− β细胞中的线粒体网络更加碎片化,这与线粒体融合蛋白2和线粒体融合蛋白2-和角蛋白结合蛋白的水平降低相关。K8−/− β细胞线粒体的总细胞色素c和线粒体细胞色素c水平降低,这与电子传递复合物I和IV的减少有关。这引起线粒体膜电位的损失以及ATP和胰岛素量的减少,如在K8−/− β细胞中所见。与角蛋白缺陷细胞中的线粒体相比,K8野生型β细胞和过表达K8和18的MIN 6胰岛素瘤细胞中的线粒体更稳定。总之,角蛋白可能通过β细胞蛋白-线粒体融合蛋白相互作用调节β细胞线粒体的结构和动态功能,这可能对下游胰岛素分泌产生影响。西尔万德,J.S. G.,Kvarnström,S. M.,Kumari‐Ilieva,A.,施雷斯塔,A.,阿拉姆角,澳-地M.,Toivola,D.M.角蛋白调节β细胞线粒体形态、运动性和稳态。FASEB J. 31,4578-4587(2017)。www.fasebj.org
Loss of the epithelial intermediate filament protein keratin 8 (K8) in murine β cells leads to irregular insulin vesicles and decreased insulin levels. Because mitochondria are central in glucose‐stimulated insulin secretion, the relationship between keratins and β‐cell mitochondrial function and morphology was investigated. β cells in murine K8‐knockout (K8−/−) islets of Langerhans have increased numbers of mitochondria, which are rounder and have diffuse cristae, as seen by electron microscopy. The mitochondrial network in primary cultured K8−/− β cells is more fragmented compared with K8+/+ mitochondria, correlating with decreased levels of mitofusin 2 and the mitofusin 2‐ and keratin‐binding protein trichoplein. K8−/− β‐cell mitochondria have decreased levels of total and mitochondrial cytochrome c, which correlates with a reduction in electron transport complexes I and IV. This provokes loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and reduction of ATP and insulin amount, as seen in K8−/− β cells. Mitochondria in K8 wild‐type β cells and MIN6 insulinoma cells overexpressing K8 and 18 are more stationary compared with mitochondria in keratin‐deficient cells. In conclusion, keratins, likely through trichoplein‐mitofusin interactions, regulate both structural and dynamic functions of β‐cell mitochondria, which could have implications for downstream insulin secretion.—Silvander, J. S. G., Kvarnström, S. M., Kumari‐Ilieva, A., Shrestha, A., Alam, C. M., Toivola, D.M. Keratins regulate β‐cell mitochondrial morphology, motility, and homeostasis. FASEB J. 31, 4578–4587 (2017). www.fasebj.org
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