Drosophila cellular immunity: a story of migration and adhesion
Drosophila cellular immunity: a story of migration and adhesion
复制标题
DOI：
10.1242/jcs.064592
复制
发表时间：
2011-05-01
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Williams, Michael J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fauvarque, Marie-Odile;Williams, Michael J.
过去15年的研究取得了重大突破，提供了昆虫和哺乳动物先天免疫反应之间高度相似性的证据，包括体液和细胞，并突出了果蝇作为研究先天免疫进化的模型系统。以类似于哺乳动物单核细胞和巨噬细胞谱系的细胞的方式，果蝇免疫监视细胞（血细胞）具有许多作用。例如，它们响应伤口信号，参与伤口愈合并有助于凝血反应。此外，它们参与吞噬和包裹入侵的病原体，参与凋亡小体的去除并产生细胞外基质的组分。使用果蝇细胞免疫应答作为模型来理解体内粘附和迁移过程中的细胞信号传导有几个原因：参与调节果蝇造血和细胞免疫的许多基因在从果蝇到人类的分类群中一直保持不变，果蝇和哺乳动物先天免疫的许多方面似乎是保守的，果蝇是一个简化的、研究得很好的遗传模型系统。在本评论中，我们将讨论在胚胎和幼虫发育过程中果蝇细胞免疫反应中的细胞粘附和迁移，并在可能的情况下将其与脊椎动物的相关机制进行比较。
Research during the past 15 years has led to significant breakthroughs, providing evidence of a high degree of similarity between insect and mammalian innate immune responses, both humoural and cellular, and highlighting Drosophila melanogaster as a model system for studying the evolution of innate immunity. In a manner similar to cells of the mammalian monocyte and macrophage lineage, Drosophila immunosurveillance cells (haemocytes) have a number of roles. For example, they respond to wound signals, are involved in wound healing and contribute to the coagulation response. Moreover, they participate in the phagocytosis and encapsulation of invading pathogens, are involved in the removal of apoptotic bodies and produce components of the extracellular matrix. There are several reasons for using the Drosophila cellular immune response as a model to understand cell signalling during adhesion and migration in vivo: many genes involved in the regulation of Drosophila haematopoiesis and cellular immunity have been maintained across taxonomic groups ranging from flies to humans, many aspects of Drosophila and mammalian innate immunity seem to be conserved, and Drosophila is a simplified and well-studied genetic model system. In the present Commentary, we will discuss what is known about cellular adhesion and migration in the Drosophila cellular immune response, during both embryonic and larval development, and where possible compare it with related mechanisms in vertebrates.