Binding, recovery, and infectiousness of enveloped and non-enveloped viruses associated with plastic pollution in surface water
Binding, recovery, and infectiousness of enveloped and non-enveloped viruses associated with plastic pollution in surface water
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DOI：
10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119594
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发表时间：
2022-09-01
影响因子：
8.9
通讯作者：
Quilliam, Richard S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Moresco, Vanessa;Charatzidou, Anna;Quilliam, Richard S.
废水和地表水中的微塑料迅速被微生物生物膜定植。这种“塑料圈”社区被假设持续时间更长，并在环境中进一步传播，并可能作为人类病原体的载体，特别是当进入污水处理厂的微塑料暴露于高浓度的病原菌时。然而，人类病毒病原体与塑料球相关的可能性以前从未被量化过。在这里，我们使用轮状病毒（RV）SA11（一种无包膜肠道病毒）和包膜噬菌体Phi6作为模型病毒，在三种不同的水处理（过滤和未过滤的地表水，以及添加营养物质的地表水）中定量生物膜定植的微塑料颗粒的结合和回收。与留在水中的病毒相比，与生物膜定殖的颗粒相关的病毒更稳定。虽然RV的感染性颗粒和基因组拷贝在48小时采样期内保持稳定，但Phi6稳定性受到高度影响，降低范围为2.18至3.94 log（10）。当病毒颗粒与微塑料表面上的生物膜相关联时，以及当液相中存在高浓度的颗粒物质时，病毒颗粒受到保护而不受灭活因素的影响。尽管我们的研究结果表明，包膜的存在可能会限制病毒与塑料球的相互作用，但从定植的微塑料颗粒中回收包膜和非包膜感染性病毒的能力凸显了地表沃茨被微塑料污染以及随后人类暴露于环境中的微塑料的额外潜在公共卫生风险。
Microplastics in wastewater and surface water rapidly become colonised by microbial biofilm. Such 'plastisphere' communities are hypothesised to persist longer and be disseminated further in the environment and may act as a vector for human pathogens, particularly as microplastics entering wastewater treatment plants are exposed to high concentrations of pathogenic bacteria. However, the potential for human viral pathogens to become associated with the plastisphere has never before been quantified. Here, we have used rotavirus (RV) SA11 (a non-enveloped enteric virus) and the enveloped bacteriophage Phi6 as model viruses to quantify binding and recovery from biofilm-colonised microplastic pellets in three different water treatments (filtered and non-filtered surface water, and surface water with added nutrients). Viruses associated with biofilm-colonised pellets were more stable compared to those remaining in the water. While infectious particles and genome copies of RV remained stable over the 48 h sampling period, Phi6 stability was highly impacted, with a reduction ranging from 2.18 to 3.94 log(10). Virus particles were protected against inactivation factors when associated with the biofilm on microplastic surfaces, and when there was a high concentration of particulate matter in the liquid phase. Although our results suggest that the presence of an envelope may limit virus interaction with the plastisphere, the ability to recover both enveloped and non-enveloped infectious viruses from colonised microplastic pellets highlights an additional potential public health risk of surface waters becoming contaminated with microplastics, and subsequent human exposure to microplastics in the environment.