A study on the prognostic significance of qualitative olfactory dysfunction
A study on the prognostic significance of qualitative olfactory dysfunction
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DOI：
10.1007/s00405-006-0157-0
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发表时间：
2007-02-01
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Hummel, T.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Reden, J.;Maroldt, H.;Hummel, T.
我们在一项基于患者的回顾性研究中调查了定性嗅觉功能障碍（嗅觉异常、幻嗅觉）的频率和预后意义。对392例嗅觉障碍患者进行了至少两次嗅功能测试。第一次和最后一次测试之间的平均间隔为11个月。在第一次就诊时，34%的患者报告嗅觉异常。嗅觉异常在感染后嗅觉丧失患者中最常见（56%），在特发性、创伤后和鼻窦疾病患者中较不常见，频率分别为10%、14%和28%。相比之下，只有12%的患者有幻多，患者组之间没有显著差异。所有患者中有23%（n = 90）的嗅觉功能得到改善。先前存在的嗅觉异常或幻嗅觉对恢复率没有显著影响。关于定性嗅觉功能障碍，29%报告嗅觉异常的患者在平均12个月后报告该症状缓解，而53%的幻嗅觉患者在观察期间失去了幻嗅觉。尽管有人认为嗅觉畸变可作为嗅觉灵敏度下降的早期恢复的指标，但目前的数据表明嗅觉异常或幻嗅觉的发生几乎没有预后价值。嗅觉异常消失的速度比嗅觉异常快。这些见解定性嗅觉功能障碍被认为是显着的嗅觉丧失患者的咨询。
We investigated the frequency and prognostic significance of qualitative olfactory dysfunction (parosmia, phantosmia) in a retrospective patient based study. A total of 392 patients with impairment of olfaction were tested at least two times for their olfactory function using the "Sniffin' Sticks". The mean interval between the first and the last test was 11 months. At the first visit 34% of all patients reported parosmia. Parosmia was most frequent in patients with postinfectious olfactory loss (56%), and less frequent in idiopathic, posttraumatic, sinunasal disease with frequencies of 10, 14, and 28%, respectively. In contrast, only 12% of all patients had phantosmias, with no significant differences between the patient groups. Improvement of olfactory function was found in 23% of all patients (n = 90). Pre-existing parosmia or phantosmia had no significant effect on recovery rate. Regarding qualitative olfactory dysfunction, 29% of those patients reporting parosmia reported relief of this symptom after an average of 12 months, whereas 53% of phantosmic patients lost phantosmia during the observation period. Although it has been suggested that olfactory distortion s could be regarded as an indicator of early recovery of decreased olfactory sensitivity, the current data indicate that occurrence of parosmia or phantosmia has little prognostic value. Phantosmia disappears at a faster rate than parosmia. These insights into qualitative olfactory dysfunction are regarded to be significant in the counseling of patients with olfactory loss.