Reconciliation after Genocide, Mass Killing, or Intractable Conflict: Understanding the Roots of Violence, Psychological Recovery, and Steps toward a General Theory
Reconciliation after Genocide, Mass Killing, or Intractable Conflict: Understanding the Roots of Violence, Psychological Recovery, and Steps toward a General Theory
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种族灭绝、大规模屠杀或棘手冲突后的和解：理解暴力的根源、心理恢复以及通向普遍理论的步骤
DOI：
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发表时间：
2006
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
E. Staub
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
E. Staub
本文探讨了群体之间和解的心理途径。它描述了幸存者、施暴者和被动旁观者在暴力不断增加的过程中所发生的心理变化，并指出治愈心理创伤是和解的重要组成部分。它还探讨了理解种族灭绝和一般群体之间暴力的根源对于促进治愈、创造共同历史以取代陷入暴力冲突的群体所持有的通常相互矛盾的历史以及总体和解的作用。讨论了和解文献中强调的过程的作用，例如真相、正义和群体之间的接触。讨论了关注民众的自下而上的方法和涉及领导人和媒体的自上而下的方法，以及机构和结构变革的重要性。文章通过对卢旺达种族灭绝的讨论以及对干预措施的描述，举例说明了许多问题和进程，从与包括领导人和媒体在内的小团体的合作，到旨在进一步和解的广播节目，以及评估干预措施的研究。
This article explores psychological avenues to reconciliation between groups. It describes the psychological changes in survivors, perpetrators, and passive bystanders in the course of the evolution of increasing violence and points to healing from the psychological wounds created as an essential component of reconciliation. It also explores the role of understanding the roots of genocide, and of violence between groups in general, in contributing to healing, to the creation of a shared history in place of the usually contradictory histories held by groups that have been in violent conflict, and to reconciliation in general. The role of processes that have been emphasized in the literature on reconciliation, such as truth, justice, and contact between groups are discussed. Bottom up approaches focusing on the population and top down approaches involving leaders and the media, and the importance of changes in institutions and structures are discussed. The article exemplifies many of the issues and processes by a discussion of the genocide in Rwanda, and by the description of interventions, ranging from work with small groups, including leaders and the media, to radio programs that aimed to further reconciliation, as well as research evaluating an intervention.
创伤性披露对身心健康的影响：写作和谈论令人不安的事件的价值。
DOI：
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发表时间：
1999
期刊：
International journal of emergency mental health.
影响因子：
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作者：
Pennebaker,JW
通讯作者：
Pennebaker,JW