Comparison of Timing Measurement Methods of Dual-Ended Readout Scintillator Array PET Detectors
Comparison of Timing Measurement Methods of Dual-Ended Readout Scintillator Array PET Detectors
复制标题
双端读出闪烁体阵列PET探测器计时测量方法比较
DOI：
10.1109/trpms.2024.3382990
复制
发表时间：
2024
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Yongfeng Yang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ming Niu;Z. Kuang;Xiaohui Wang;N. Ren;Ziru Sang;T. Sun;Zheng Liu;Zhanli Hu;Zheng Gu;Yongfeng Yang
本工作的主要重点是比较单个硅光电倍增管（SiPM）阵列和双端读出PET探测器的不同定时测量方法。两个氧化硅酸镥钇（LYSO）晶体阵列，<inline-formula> < text -math符号="LaTeX">$3.10\times 3.10\times 20$ </ text -math></inline-formula>-<inline-formula> < text -math符号="LaTeX">${\ mathm {mm}}^{3}$ </ text -math></inline-formula>晶体，增强镜面反射器（ESR），和钡（BaSO4）反射器和一个LYSO晶体阵列，<inline-formula> < text -math符号="LaTeX">$1.88\times 1.88\times 20$ </ text -math></inline-formula>-<inline-formula> < text -math符号="LaTeX">${\ mathm {mm}}^{3}$ </ text -math></ text -math></inline-formula>晶体和<inline-formula> < text -math符号="LaTeX">$\rm BaSO_{4}$ </ text -math></inline-formula>反射器，双端读出<inline-formula> < text -math符号="LaTeX">$8\times 8$ </ text -math></inline-formula> SiPM阵列测量了<inline-formula> < text -math notation="LaTeX">$3\times 3$ </ text -math></inline-formula>-<inline-formula> < text -math notation="LaTeX">${\ mathm {mm}}^{2}$ </ text -math></inline-formula>的活动像素面积。SiPM阵列的信号使用64通道PETsys TOFPET2应用专用集成电路单独处理，该集成电路专为飞行时间PET应用而设计。对于SiPM阵列，使用最快的2个SiPM像素计时的能量平方加权平均计时方法可以提供最佳符合计时分辨率（CTRs）。采用<inline-formula> < text -math记数法="LaTeX">$3.10\times 3.10\times 20$ </ text -math></inline-formula>-<inline-formula> < text -math记数法="LaTeX">${\ mathm {mm}}^{3}$ </ text -math></inline-formula>晶体和ESR反射器的双端读数检测器的CTR为234 ps。239 ps检测器使用<inline-formula> < text -math符号="LaTeX">$3.10\times 3.10\times 20$ </ text -math></inline-formula>-<inline-formula> < text -math符号="LaTeX">${\ mathm {mm}}^{3}$ </ text -math></inline-formula>晶体和<inline-formula> < text -math符号="LaTeX">$\rm BaSO_{4}$ </ text -math></inline-formula>反射器，使用<inline-formula> < text -math符号="LaTeX">$1.88\times 1.88\times 20$ </ text -math></inline-formula>-<inline-formula> < text -math符号="LaTeX">${\ mathm {mm}}^{3}$ </ text -math></inline-formula>晶体和<inline-formula> < text -math符号="LaTeX">$\rm BaSO_{4}$ </ text -math></inline-formula>反射器，能量窗口为410-610 keV。本研究开发的双端读出探测器具有比单端读出探测器更好的ctr和高三维位置分辨率，未来可用于开发全身PET扫描仪，同时实现均匀的高空间分辨率、高灵敏度和高时序分辨率。
The main focus of this work is to compare different timing measurement methods of individual silicon photomultiplier (SiPM) arrays and dual-ended readout PET detectors. Two lutetium yttrium oxyorthosilicate (LYSO) crystal arrays with <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$3.10\times 3.10\times 20$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${\mathrm { mm}}^{3}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> crystals, enhanced specular reflector (ESR), and barium sulfate (BaSO4) reflector and one LYSO crystal array with <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$1.88\times 1.88\times 20$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${\mathrm { mm}}^{3}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> crystals and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\rm BaSO_{4}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> reflector with dual-ended read out by <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$8\times 8$ </tex-math></inline-formula> SiPM arrays of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$3\times 3$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${\mathrm { mm}}^{2}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> active pixel area were measured. Signals of the SiPM arrays were processed individually using 64 channel PETsys TOFPET2 application specific integrated circuits designed for time-of-flight PET applications. For the SiPM arrays, an energy square-weighted average timing method using the timings of the fastest 2 SiPM pixels was found to provide the best-coincidence timing resolutions (CTRs). For the dual-ended readout detectors, the method of using the energy-weighted average timings of the two SiPM arrays provided the best CTR of 234 ps for the detector using <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$3.10\times 3.10\times 20$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${\mathrm { mm}}^{3}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> crystals and ESR reflector, 239 ps for the detector using <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$3.10\times 3.10\times 20$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${\mathrm { mm}}^{3}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> crystals and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\rm BaSO_{4}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> reflector, and 275 ps for the detector using <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$1.88\times 1.88\times 20$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${\mathrm { mm}}^{3}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> crystals and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\rm BaSO_{4}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> reflector for an energy window of 410–610 keV. The dual-ended readout detectors developed in this work provide better CTRs than those of single-ended readout detectors and a high-3-D position resolution which can be used in the future to develop whole-body PET scanners to simultaneously achieve uniform high-spatial resolution, high sensitivity and high-timing resolution.