A house of cards: bias in perception of body size mediates the relationship between voice pitch and perceptions of dominance
A house of cards: bias in perception of body size mediates the relationship between voice pitch and perceptions of dominance
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DOI：
10.1016/j.anbehav.2018.11.005
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发表时间：
2019-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Feinberg, D. R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Armstrong, M. M.;Lee, A. J.;Feinberg, D. R.
男性低音音高进化的理论是基于这样一种观点，即音高是身体优势的诚实指标，但同性成年人声音中音高，身体大小和力量之间的关系是脆弱和不稳定的。然而，根据音高来判断身体大小是感知偏差的结果，低频听起来很大。如果优势判断部分基于对大小的感知，那么优势感知也可能是感知偏差的结果。因此，我们测试是否音高和判断的高度之间的关系调解音高和优势判断之间的关系。音高与知觉高度的关系完全中介了音高与优势度的关系。这是由高度感知不准确的方差部分（即残差）驱动的，而不是以实际高度或其感知为条件。总的来说，我们的研究结果表明，语音音高和感知优势之间的关系不是基于对物理大小和语音音高之间的现实关系的观察，而是基于将低音调的声音感知为大人物的偏见。因此，优势和音高之间的关系是巧合，而不是因果关系。因此，由于身体优势和音高之间的关系取决于对身体大小的偏见之间的关系，音高不是身体优势的诚实指标。因此，男性声音中低音的演变不能用对精确优势线索的选择来解释。(C)2018动物行为研究协会。由爱思唯尔有限公司出版。保留所有权利。
Theories of the evolution of low voice pitch in men are based on the idea that voice pitch is an honest indicator of physical dominance, but relationships among pitch, physical body size and strength among same-sex adults' voices are weak and unstable. Nevertheless, judgements of body size based on voice pitch are the result of perceptual bias that low frequencies sound large. If dominance judgements are based in part on perception of size, then dominance perception could also be the result of perceptual bias. Thus, we tested whether the relationship between voice pitch and judgements of height mediate the relationship between voice pitch and dominance judgements. The relationship between voice pitch and perceived height fully mediated the relationship between voice pitch and dominance. This was driven by the portion of variance that was inaccurate in height perception (i.e. residual error), and not conditional upon actual height, or perceptions thereof. Collectively our results demonstrate that the relationship between voice pitch and perceived dominance is not based on observation of real-world relationships between physical size and voice pitch, but rather based on a bias to perceive low-pitched voices as large people. Hence, the relationship between dominance and voice pitch is coincidental rather than causal. Thus, since the relationship between physical dominance and voice pitch is conditional upon the relationship between a biased perception of body size, voice pitch is not an honest indicator of physical dominance. Consequently, the evolution of low pitch in men's voices cannot be explained by selection for accurate dominance cues. (C) 2018 The Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.