Children's reasoning about social, physical, and logical regularities: a look at two worlds.
Children's reasoning about social, physical, and logical regularities: a look at two worlds.
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儿童关于社会、身体和逻辑规律的推理：看两个世界。
DOI：
10.1111/j.1467-8624.1986.tb00041.x
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发表时间：
1986
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Galotti,KM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Komatsu,LK;Galotti,KM
在两项研究中，6岁、8岁和10岁的儿童被采访了3种不同类型的规则：社会习俗、物理定律和逻辑必然性。在第一项研究中，孩子们被问到，在另一个世界里，他们的想法是否可以改变（通过共识）和/或不同。在第二项研究中，孩子们被问到在另一个国家（地球上）或另一个星球上的人是否会有不同。结果表明，社会性焦虑与其他类型的焦虑不同，但生理性焦虑和逻辑性焦虑的处理方式相似。虽然年龄差异的证据是模棱两可的，但很明显，即使是一年级的学生也不认为地球上的物理物品是可以改变的。这并不能重复先前报告的发现，即儿童经历了一个所有项目都被视为可变的阶段。最后，性别差异出现了，男孩更愿意判断身体和逻辑的变化在另一个世界是可以改变的。
In 2 studies, 6-, 8-, and 10-year-old children were interviewed about 3 different types of regularities or rules: social conventions, physical laws, and logical necessities. In the first study, children were asked if regularities could be changed (by consensus) and/or be different in another world. In the second study, children were asked if regularities could be different in another country (on Earth) or on a different planet. Results showed that social regularities were distinguished from the other types, but physical and logical regularities were treated similarly. While the evidence for age differences was equivocal, it was clear that even first graders did not judge physical items as alterable on Earth. This fails to replicate a previously reported finding that children pass through a stage where all items are seen as alterable. Finally, a sex difference emerged, with boys more willing to judge physical and logical regularities to be alterable in another world.