Textbook of biochemistry: With clinical correlations (5th ed.): Devlin, Thomas M. (ed.)
Textbook of biochemistry: With clinical correlations (5th ed.): Devlin, Thomas M. (ed.)
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DOI：
10.1002/bmb.2002.494030049994
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发表时间：
2002-07
影响因子：
1.4
通讯作者：
James K. Zimmerman
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
James K. Zimmerman
这是一本备受推崇的教科书的第五版。该版本的27章使用了28位作者。文本是明确针对医学生和那些生物化学的概念围绕代谢和生理学。文本充满了非常有用的表格，比大多数生物化学文本更多，并且非常翔实的“临床相关性”每一章都以一节问题结束，然后是对这些问题的回答。章节被设计成尽可能独立，以允许教师以任何认为有用的顺序使用章节;这也造成了某些章节之间存在大量重复的问题。一个关于有机化学的“附录”是一个非常有用的补充。许多原始图纸是高质量的尊重点所需的教学，有些比任何我在其他地方看到的更好。图6.8是真核生物蛋白质合成中延伸过程中A、P和E位点相互作用的一个例子。图7.1是一个例外，它是我所见过的关于聚合酶链反应的最缺乏信息的解释。然而，在许多章节中，借用的数字来自80年代中期或更早。有时这是适当的，而在其他时候，人们想知道这是否是最好的说明。这段文字在结构上有些不寻常。它分为五个基本部分：“大分子结构”（三章），“信息传递”（五章），“蛋白质功能”（四章），“代谢途径及其控制”（八章）和“生理过程”（七章）。所有关于碳水化合物和脂质的信息要么被埋在新陈代谢的章节中，要么被埋在“附录”中有时候，这会让我们很难找到具体的信息。生物化学中相当重要的化学反应，如Edman降解反应、Maxam-Gilbert序列化学反应以及寡肽和寡核苷酸的化学合成，都被完全忽略了。另一方面，广泛的一氧化氮，活性氧自由基和前列腺素合成的报道是相当有益的。在一个文本，这是一个新的版本，我相当惊讶地发现这么多过时或不正确的信息领域，我知道最好的。在“补体的临床相关性，临床相关性9.1”中，不仅提到了书中稍后列出的与补体无关的列表，而且还提到了两种补体蛋白质的命名法，这些命名法已经有20多年没有使用了。在关于斯卡查德图的章节中，图21.2中描述的多重结合分析使用了Klotz和Hunston [1]基于错误假设的方法。"非特异性结合"的描述（第937页），虽然在实验中广泛使用，但是不正确的，并在附图中（间接）有不同的定义。在涉及蛋白质的脂肪酸修饰的章节中，未直接讨论异戊二烯化，并且通过参考图12.23 f，错误地暗示具有硫酯修饰的蛋白质（第507页）位于细胞膜的外小叶上。图9.25可能是最严重的错误，该图摘自Landschulz等人1988年的一篇论文[2]，该论文认为亮氨酸拉链的理论可能性假设为反平行结构，后来证明这是错误的选择，本文仍然使用它来说明亮氨酸拉链。在一个有28个贡献者的文本中，不难看出为什么有些章节似乎是为教授而不是为指导学生而写的。三个例子可以说明这一点。在定义Km时，作者首先表明，像许多其他作者一样，Km（k2 k3）/k1。在讨论Km的意义时，作者表明当v Vmax/2时，Km [S]。这里没有强调第一个定义是依赖于模型的，而第二个条件是Km的定义。这两个概念之间缺乏区别是学生中最普遍的误解之一。第二个例子涉及生物系统中的热力学部分;这一部分的大部分都做得很好，但仍有一部分使用G °来讨论偶联反应。没有任何地方明确指出，对于每一步，G必须是负的，这可能发生在反应物和产物的浓度处于正确比例时。几个非常好的图表来说明这一点已经发表在生物化学和分子生物学教育，包括Punekar [3]。第三个例子甚至更简单;当使用具有矢量分量的符号时，例如在公式12.2中，必须定义矢量的方向。我的请求是要清楚的外行，以及准确的。尽管我的批评意见，我相信这一文本填补了一个重要的利基，在这个利基它做得非常好。正如我在开头段落中所指出的，与大多数生物化学文本完全不同的材料的重点，包含与人类有关的数据的大量图表和表格，以及“临床相关性”使这本书成为那些进入医学领域的人非常有用的文本。
This is the fifth edition of a well respected textbook. This version uses 28 authors for the 27 chapters. The text is definitely targeted to medical students and those whose concepts of biochemistry revolve around metabolism and physiology. The text is filled with very useful tables, more so than most biochemistry texts, and very informative “Clinical Correlations.” Each of the chapters ends with a section of questions, followed by answers to these questions. Chapters are designed to be as self-contained as possible to allow faculty to use the chapters in whatever order deemed useful; this also creates problems in that there is a lot of repetition between certain chapters. An “Appendix” on organic chemistry is a very useful addition. Many of the original drawings are of high quality with respect to the points needed for teaching, some better than any I have seen elsewhere. An example would be Fig. 6.8 on the interaction of the A, P, and E sites during elongation in eukaryotic protein synthesis. An exception is Fig. 7.1, which is the most uninformative explanation of the polymerase chain reaction I have seen anywhere. In many chapters the borrowed figures, however, are from the mid‘80s or older. Sometimes this is appropriate, and at other times one wonders if this is the best illustration available. The text is somewhat unusual in its organization. It is divided into five fundamental sections: “Structure of Macromolecules” (three chapters), “Transmission of Information” (five chapters), “Function of Proteins” (four chapters), “Metabolic Pathways and Their Control” (eight chapters), and “Physiological Processes” (seven chapters). All information on carbohydrates and lipids is buried either in chapters on metabolism or in the “Appendix.” Sometimes this makes finding specific information rather difficult. The chemistry of rather important reactions in biochemistry, such as the Edman degradation, the reactions of the Maxam-Gilbert sequence chemistry, and the chemical syntheses of oligopeptides and oligonucleotides, has been completely left out. On the other hand the extensive coverage of nitric oxide, reactive oxygen radicals, and prostaglandin synthesis is quite beneficial. In a text that is a new edition I was rather surprised to find so much outdated or incorrect information in areas I know best. In the “Clinical Correlation on Complement, Clinical Correlation 9.1,” not only was a reference made to a list later in the book that had nothing to do with complement, but two complement proteins were referred to by nomenclature that hasn’t been in use in over 20 years. In the section concerning Scatchard plots, the analysis of multiple binding described in Fig. 21.2 uses a method that was shown by Klotz and Hunston [1] to be based on incorrect assumptions. The description of “nonspecific binding” (p. 937), although widely used experimentally, is incorrect and is defined (indirectly) differently in an accompanying graph. In the section involving fatty acid modifications of proteins, prenylation is not addressed directly, and proteins with thioester modifications are implied incorrectly (p. 507) to be located on the outer leaflet of the cell membrane by their reference to Fig. 12.23f. Probably the worst mistake is in Fig. 9.25, which was taken from a 1988 paper by Landschulz et al. [2] on the theoretical possibility of leucine zippers postulating an anti-parallel structure, later shown to be the wrong choice, which the text still uses to illustrate leucine zippers. In a text that has 28 contributors it is not hard to see why some chapters seem to be written for professors, rather than to instruct students. Three examples will serve to illustrate. In defining Km, the authors first show, like many other authors, that Km (k2 k3)/k1. In the discussion of the significance of Km, the authors show that Km [S] when v Vmax/2. Nowhere is it stressed that the first definition is model-dependent whereas the second condition is the definition of Km. The lack of distinction between these two concepts in one of the most widespread misunderstandings among students. The second example involves the section on thermodynamics in biological systems; most of the section is done well, but there is still a section using G° to talk about coupling reactions. Nowhere is it stated explicitly that for each step the G must be negative, which can occur when concentrations of the reactants and products are in the correct proportions. Several very nice diagrams to illustrate this point have been published in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Education, including one by Punekar [3]. The third example is even simpler; when using a symbol that has a vectoral component, such as in Equation 12.2, the direction of the vector must be defined. My plea is to be clear to the uninitiated, as well as accurate. Despite my critical comments, I believe this text fills an important niche, and in that niche it is very well done. As I indicated in my opening paragraph, the emphasis of the material that is quite different from most biochemical texts, the multitude of charts and tables containing data pertaining to humans, and the “Clinical Correlations” make this a very useful text for those going into medicine.