HIV-associated dysbiosis and immune recovery during antiretroviral therapy.
HIV-associated dysbiosis and immune recovery during antiretroviral therapy.
复制标题
抗逆转录病毒治疗期间与艾滋病毒相关的生态失调和免疫恢复。
DOI：
10.1002/ctd2.58
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发表时间：
2022
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Byrareddy,SiddappaN
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Johnson,SamuelD;Byrareddy,SiddappaN
艾滋病毒感染者（PLWH）的微生物组严重失调，细菌多样性丧失，组成发生变化，包括致病性增加和有益物种减少。由于微生物组在调节健康方面的作用，这种生态失调对PLWH免疫反应的影响一直是一个重大问题，主要是因为这些变化即使在联合抗逆转录病毒治疗（cART）期间的病毒抑制后也会持续存在。然而，由于样本可用性的限制，很少有研究能够深入了解这些微生物组-免疫相互作用。最近，Olivas-Martínez et al.基于长期cART后外周CD 4 + T细胞重建水平，表征PLWH的回肠和盲肠粘膜相关微生物组。他们的分析揭示了预测恢复的独特微生物组特征。此外，还描述了反应组之间肠道炎症和损伤标志物的差异，进一步表明粘膜破坏与免疫重建有关。这些新数据表明微生物组和治疗反应的相互依赖性，迫切需要进行额外的研究，以充分阐明感染前/后的这种串扰和微生物组动力学，以及最终的cART长期病毒抑制。
The microbiomes of people living with HIV (PLWH) are significantly dysregulated with a loss of bacteria diversity and shifts in composition, including increases in pathogenic and decreases in beneficial species. Because of the microbiome's role in modulating health, the effect of this dysbiosis on immune response in PLWH has been a significant concern, mainly because these shifts can persist even after viral suppression during combination antiretroviral therapy (cART). However, due to limitations on sample availability, few studies have been able to provide insights into these microbiome‐immune interactions. Recently, Olivas‐Martínez et al. characterized ileum and caecum mucosa‐associated microbiomes of PLWH based on their level of peripheral CD4+ T‐cell reconstitution following long‐term cART. Their analysis revealed distinct microbiome signatures predictive of recovery. Additionally, differences in markers of gut inflammation and damage between response groups were described, further implicating mucosal disruptions with immune reconstitution. These new data demonstrate an interdependence of microbiome and therapy response, and additional studies are urgently required to fully elucidate this crosstalk and microbiome dynamics from before/after infection and finally, long‐term viral suppression with cART.