TH17 Cells in Autoimmunity and Immunodeficiency: Protective or Pathogenic?

TH17 Cells in Autoimmunity and Immunodeficiency: Protective or Pathogenic?
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DOI:
10.3389/fimmu.2012.00129
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发表时间:
2012
影响因子:
7.3
通讯作者:
Levings MK
Levings MK
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Marwaha AK;Leung NJ;McMurchy AN;Levings MK

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2005年,一种新发现的分泌白细胞介素(IL)-17的T辅助细胞亚群成为免疫学关注的中心。最初的研究将Th 17细胞描绘为许多不同的自身免疫性和自身炎症性疾病中破坏的罪魁祸首。随后,IL-17通路中原发性免疫缺陷患者的发现告诉我们,Th 17细胞在防御某些真菌和细菌感染方面具有关键作用。此外,在Secukinumab(AIN 457)(一种针对IL-17 A的完全人中和抗体)的临床试验中克罗恩病的矛盾恶化使人们怀疑Th 17细胞的普遍促炎和有害作用。现在的证据表明,根据环境的不同,Th 17细胞可以改变其分化程序,最终产生保护性细胞或促炎细胞。在这篇综述中,我们将总结来自免疫缺陷、自身免疫或自身炎症性疾病患者的证据,这些证据告诉我们,在不同的人类疾病背景下,Th 17细胞的促炎功能与保护功能是如何变化的。
In 2005 a newly discovered T helper cell subset that secreted interleukin (IL)-17 became the center of attention in immunology. Initial studies painted Th17 cells as the culprit for destruction in many different autoimmune and auto-inflammatory diseases. Subsequently, the discovery of patients with primary immunodeficiencies in the IL-17 pathway taught us that Th17 cells have a critical role in defense against certain fungal and bacterial infections. Moreover, the paradoxical exacerbation of Crohn’s disease in the clinical trials of a Secukinumab (AIN457), a fully human neutralizing antibody to IL-17A, has cast into doubt a universal pro-inflammatory and harmful role for Th17 cells. Evidence now suggests that depending on the environment Th17 cells can alter their differentiation program, ultimately giving rise to either protective or pro-inflammatory cells. In this review we will summarize the evidence from patients with immunodeficiencies, autoimmune, or auto-inflammatory diseases that teaches us how the pro-inflammatory versus protective function of Th17 cells varies within the context of different human diseases.
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