Autophagy during viral infection - a double-edged sword.
Autophagy during viral infection - a double-edged sword.
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DOI：
10.1038/s41579-018-0003-6
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发表时间：
2018-06
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Jung JU
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Choi Y;Bowman JW;Jung JU
自噬是宿主细胞用来防御病毒感染的强大工具。被称为自噬体的双膜囊泡将捕获的病毒货物递送到溶酶体进行降解。具体而言，自噬通过与模式识别受体信号传导合作来诱导干扰素产生，从而启动先天免疫应答。它还选择性地降解与病毒颗粒相关的免疫组分。降解后，自噬通过将病毒衍生的抗原呈递给T淋巴细胞来协调适应性免疫。然而，在一场持续的进化军备竞赛中，病毒已经获得了劫持和破坏自噬的强大能力。在这篇综述中，我们专注于病毒感染过程中涉及自噬的关键调控步骤，并讨论了不同病毒用于重新利用自噬以适应其生命周期和发病机制的特定分子机制。自噬对于先天性和适应性抗病毒免疫至关重要;反过来，病毒逃避和破坏自噬以支持其复制和发病。在这篇综述中，Choi，Bowman和Jung讨论了宿主-病毒相互作用期间自噬的分子机制。
Autophagy is a powerful tool that host cells use to defend against viral infection. Double-membrane vesicles, termed autophagosomes, deliver trapped viral cargo to the lysosome for degradation. Specifically, autophagy initiates an innate immune response by cooperating with pattern recognition receptor signalling to induce interferon production. It also selectively degrades immune components associated with viral particles. Following degradation, autophagy coordinates adaptive immunity by delivering virus-derived antigens for presentation to T lymphocytes. However, in an ongoing evolutionary arms race, viruses have acquired the potent ability to hijack and subvert autophagy for their benefit. In this Review, we focus on the key regulatory steps during viral infection in which autophagy is involved and discuss the specific molecular mechanisms that diverse viruses use to repurpose autophagy for their life cycle and pathogenesis. Autophagy is crucial for innate and adaptive antiviral immunity; in turn, viruses evade and subvert autophagy to support their replication and pathogenesis. In this Review, Choi, Bowman and Jung discuss the molecular mechanisms that govern autophagy during host–virus interactions.
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