PREDATION BODY SIZE AND COMPOSITION OF PLANKTON
PREDATION BODY SIZE AND COMPOSITION OF PLANKTON
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DOI：
10.1126/science.150.3692.28
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发表时间：
1965-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
56.9
通讯作者：
DODSON, SI
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
BROOKS, JL;DODSON, SI
在湖泊浮游动物的捕食过程中，通常的大型甲壳类优势动物（水蚤属，Diaptomus属）被淘汰，取而代之的是小型的，基本上是沿海的物种，尤其是长尾藻（Bosmina longirostris）。研究了浮游动物和浮游食草动物在食物选择中的重要性，并提出所有浮游食草动物都利用小的有机颗粒（1 ~ 15 m）。大型物种更能有效地收集这些小颗粒，也能收集更大的颗粒，当依赖于尺寸的捕食强度较低时，它们会竞争性地排斥较小的亲属。激烈的捕食会消灭大型物种，而相对免疫的小型物种将占主导地位。这些竞争和捕食的对抗性需求被认为决定了优势草食性浮游动物的体型。
In the predation by the normally marine clupeoid Alosa pseudoharengus ("alewife") upon lake zooplankton, the usual large-sized crustacean dominants (spp. of Daphnia, Diaptomus) are eliminated, and replaced by small-sized, basically littoral, species, especially Bosmina longirostris. The significance of size in food selection by planktivores as opposed to planktonic herbivores is examined, and it is proposed that all planktonic herbivores utilize small organic particles (1 to 15 m). The large species, more efficient in collecting these small particles and capable of collecting larger particles as well, will competitively exclude their smaller relatives whenever size-dependent predation is of low intensity. Intense predation will eliminate the large species, and the relatively immune small species will predominate. These antagonistic demands of competition and predation are considered to determine the body size of the dominant herbivorous zooplankters.