Microtubules and Microtubule-Associated Proteins
Microtubules and Microtubule-Associated Proteins
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DOI：
10.1101/cshperspect.a022608
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发表时间：
2018-06-01
影响因子：
7.2
通讯作者：
Jonasson, Erin M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Goodson, Holly, V;Jonasson, Erin M.
微管充当马达驱动的细胞内运输的“铁路”，与辅助蛋白相互作用以组装成更大的结构，如有丝分裂纺锤体，并为细胞的其余部分提供组织框架。这些功能的关键是微管是“动态的”。与肌动蛋白一样，聚合物动力学由核苷酸水解驱动，并受到许多专门的调节蛋白的影响，包括微管相关蛋白。然而，微管周转涉及一个令人惊讶的行为，称为动态不稳定性，其中个别聚合物之间的增长和解聚随机开关。动态不稳定性允许微管探索细胞内空间，并响应细胞内和细胞外的线索进行重塑。在这里，我们回顾了这种不稳定性是如何中央的许多微管为基础的结构和微管细胞骨架的强大功能的组装。
Microtubules act as "railways' for motor-driven intracellular transport, interact with accessory proteins to assemble into larger structures such as the mitotic spindle, and provide an organizational framework to the rest of the cell. Key to these functions is the fact that microtubules are "dynamic." As with actin, the polymer dynamics are driven by nucleotide hydrolysis and influenced by a host of specialized regulatory proteins, including microtubule-associated proteins. However, microtubule turnover involves a surprising behavior-termed dynamic instability-in which individual polymers switch stochastically between growth and depolymerization. Dynamic instability allows microtubules to explore intracellular space and remodel in response to intracellular and extracellular cues. Here, we review how such instability is central to the assembly of many microtubule-based structures and to the robust functioning of the microtubule cytoskeleton.